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Article

a.r. group  

Ewa Mikina

[Pol. artysci rewolucyjni: ‘revolutionary artists’]

Polish group of avant-garde artists that flourished between 1929 and 1936. Its members were the sculptor Katarzyna Kobro, the painters Władysław Strzemiński and Henryk Stażewski, and the poets J. Brzękowski and J. Przyboś. It was founded by Strzemiński after he, Kobro and Stażewski left the Praesens group. The group’s programme chiefly reflected the views of Strzemiński. In two leaflets entitled Kommunikaty a.r. (‘a.r. bulletins’) the group declared itself in favour of a ‘laboratory’ version of Constructivism and an avant-garde art that influenced social life in an indirect and gradual manner. It opposed the politicization and popularization of art, which it regarded as a debasement of artistic expression, but the group also believed that rigorous, formal discipline, the organic construction of a work, its coherence, effectiveness and economy of means, made art somewhat synthetic or contrived. From 1933 the group’s announcements regarding its programme appeared in the Łódź art magazine Forma...

Article

Aa, Hillebrand van der  

Dutch, 17th – 18th century, male.

Born 1659 or 1660, in Leiden; died 1721.

Sculptor, engraver.

Hillebrand van der Aa received his training as an artist from his father, the sculptor Boudewyn Pietersz. van der Aa. He was married twice - the first time on 13 May 1683...

Article

Aachen, Reinhard von  

German, 17th century, male.

Active in Cologne towards the middle of the 17th century.

Sculptor.

No works by this artist are known. His name is only mentioned in account books.

Article

Aagaard Andersen, Gunnar  

Rigmor Lovring

(b Ordrup, July 14, 1919; d Munkerup, nr Dronningmølle, Hillerød, June 29, 1982).

Danish painter, sculptor, designer and writer. He studied at the Kunsthåndvaerkerskole (1936–9) and the Kongelige Danske Kunstakademi (1939–46), both in Copenhagen. He experimented with non-figurative forms of expression in numerous media. He was a co-founder of Groupe Espace in 1951, and his work was important for the development of Concrete art internationally.

From 1947 to 1950 Aagaard Andersen developed a new, pure pictorial dynamic, moving from fine-lined drawings and faceted landscapes towards an abstract formal language that explored form in terms of light, shadow and reflection. His ‘picture boxes’, in which various elements manifested rhythmic and dynamic growth, explored the concept of painting as object. He began to use the techniques of folding and pleating (e.g. Black Picture Surface with Three Folded Sections, 1964; Esbjerg, Kstpav.), and his work was dominated by his interest in light and shadow.

Besides paintings, Aagaard Andersen produced a number of sculptures, for example the abstract steel work ...

Article

Aagaard, Gunnar Andersen  

Danish, 20th century, male.

Born 1919.

Sculptor.

Copenhagen, 26 May 1987: Sculpture (1954, steel, 32¼ × 99½ ins/82 × 253 cm) DKK 6,000

Article

Aagot-Vangen (Miss)  

British, 19th century, female.

Sculptor. Busts.

Miss Aagot-Vangen exhibited a plaster bust at the Paris Salon of 1905.

Article

Aaltonen, Vallio or Waïnö  

Finnish, 20th century, male.

Born 8 March 1894, in Martilla (Swedish St Mårtens); died 30 May 1966, in Helsinki.

Painter, sculptor. Figures. Monuments.

Vallio Aaltonen studied at the school of painting of the Turku Artistic Association. He became a teacher and member of the academy of Finland, as well as an associate member of the art academies of Brazil and the USSR....

Article

Aaltonen, Wäinö  

Leena Ahtola-Moorhouse

(Waldemar)

(b Marttila [Swed. St Mårtens], March 8, 1894; d Helsinki, May 30, 1966).

Finnish sculptor and painter. He was the most significant sculptor of the early decades of Finnish independence (after 1917). His style combined classical tranquillity with a modern sensitivity and disclosed the beauty of granite as a sculptural material. He studied painting at the School of Drawing of the Turku Art Association between 1910 and 1915 but on graduation began to practise moulding techniques and to teach himself stone sculpting. In 1916 his firm instincts and talent for monumental sculpture were remarked on at a general exhibition. His Granite Boy (1917–20; Helsinki, Athenaeum A. Mus.) is one of the masterpieces of his youth, the timid austerity of the child’s figure conveying an Egyptian quality. The marble sculptures Little Wader (1917–22; priv. col., see Okkonen, 1926) and Wader (1924; Helsinki, Athenaeum A. Mus.) are both good examples of Aaltonen’s tonal carving. His main concerns were light and shadow and the atmosphere they create around the sculpture. In ...

Article

Aanonsen, Sveinung  

Norwegian, 19th century, male.

Born 24 December 1854, in Rauland.

Painter, sculptor. Genre scenes, portraits.

At the age of 20, Aanonsen decided to study with the painter Brynjulf Larsen Bergslien, where he stayed for three years. He then went to Munich to work with the Bavarian painter Anton Seitz, an imitator of Meissonnier. He returned to Oslo in ...

Article

Aarsleff, Carl Wilhem Oluf Peter  

Danish, 19th – 20th century, male.

Born 14 August 1852, in Nyborg.

Sculptor. Statues.

Initially a woodcarver, Carl Wilhelm Oluf Peter Aarsleff went on to study under Fjeldskov at the Kunstakademi in Copenhagen from 1872 to 1876. In 1879 his statue of Telemachus, now in the museum of Odense, earned him a gold medal. He visited Paris, Greece and Italy, where he stayed for quite some time in Rome. His works can be seen in the art gallery of Copenhagen and at the Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek. The art lover Jacobsen commissioned two reliefs which now adorn the façade of the latter. Aarsleff was also involved in the decoration of Copenhagen's law courts. He was appointed a member of the Kunstakademi of Copenhagen in ...

Article

Aarts, A.  

Belgian, 19th – 20th century, male.

Sculptor. Busts.

A. Aarts showed an ivory sculpture representing a Head of a Laughing Child at the Brussels Exhibition in 1897.

Article

Aas, Niels  

Norwegian, 20th century, male.

Born 21 April 1933, in Inderøy (Nord-Trøndelag); died 10 February 2004, in Oslo.

Sculptor.

Niels Aas was included in the Norwegian selection for the Paris Biennale des Jeunes (Biennale for Young Artists) in 1965.

Article

Aas, Nils  

Ingeborg Wikborg

(Sigurd)

(b Inderøy, Nord-Trøndelag, April 21, 1933).

Norwegian sculptor, designer and medallist. He became familiar with handicraft in his father’s furniture workshop. In 1954 he began five years’ study as a commercial artist at the Håndverks- og Kunstindustriskole in Oslo and from 1957 to 1963 he worked as an illustrator for a newspaper. He studied at the Kunstakademi in Oslo from 1959 to 1962 under the sculptor Per Palle Storm (1910–94) who advocated naturalism in sculpture. As an assistant to Arnold Haukeland from 1961 to 1964, Aas lost his apprehension of the untried and cultivated his sense of daring, as he gained experience with welding techniques. Highly imaginative and versatile, Aas worked in both abstract and figurative modes and is reckoned one of the foremost sculptors in Norway; in 1990 he was honoured with St Olav.

Aas’s first sculpture was an equestrian monument in snow, made in Inderøy while he was a schoolboy. His first public project was the abstract steel figure ...

Article

Ab, Egg  

Swiss, 18th century, male.

Sculptor (wood).

He worked in the canton of Schwyz.

Article

Abaisi, Alberto  

Italian, 15th century, male.

Active in Venice.

Sculptor. Religious subjects.

Venetian School.

Alberto Abaisi collaborated with his brother Arduino on woodcarvings for the sacristy of the bishop's palace in Ferrara, but was most active in Venice, where he lived from 1436 to 1451.

Article

Abaisi, Arduino  

Italian, 14th – 15th century, male.

Active in Ferrara.

Died c. 1454, in Ferrara.

Sculptor (wood).

Arduino Abaisi, the most famous member of the Abaisi family, produced woodcarvings for churches and private patrons in Ferrara, Modena and Mantua from 1406 to 1452. He found great favour at court and a patron in Duke Leonello d'Este. Son of Tommasino da Baisio, he was sometimes assisted by his brother Alberto, notably in the carvings for the sacristy of the bishop's palace in Ferrara....

Article

Abaisi, Biagio  

Italian, 15th century, male.

Active in Modena and in Bologna.

Sculptor.

Modena School, Bolognese School.

Biagio Abaisi may be the woodcarver known as 'Biagio da Bologna' in Ferrara, who was apprenticed to Arduino Abaisi and assisted him in carvings for the office of Duke Leonello d'Este in Belfiore around ...

Article

Abaisi, Giovanni  

Italian, 14th century, male.

Active in Ferrara.

Died before 1390.

Sculptor (wood).

Giovanni Abaisi produced the carvings for the choir of the old church of S Domenico in Ferrara in 1384.

Article

Abaisi, Nicolo  

Italian, 15th century, male.

Active in Bologna.

Sculptor. Religious subjects.

Bolognese School.

Nicolo Abaisi was a woodcarver who collaborated with Biagio Abaisi on the church of S Michele in Bosco near Ferrara in 1454.

Article

Abaisi, Tommasino  

Italian, 14th – 15th century, male.

Active in Ferrara.

Died before 1423.

Sculptor (wood).

Son of Giovanni da Baisio, Tommasino Abaisi executed the carvings for the choir of the Chiesa dei Servi church in Ferrara between 1405 and 1406. He is also believed to have worked for the monastery of S Bartolo and other churches in Ferrara....