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Article

Foscari, Francesco, Doge of Venice  

Deborah Howard

Article

Publication History:

Published online:
2003

(b Venice, 1373; reg 15 April 1423–23 Oct 1457; d Nov 1, 1457).

Venetian ruler and patron. He was the longest-serving doge in the history of Venice. His reign was a period of constant warfare, during which Venice consolidated her hold on her mainland possessions and acquired further territory. His only surviving son, Jacopo Foscari (c. 1416–57), a celebrated humanist, was three times disgraced for alleged corruption. After his son’s final banishment and death, Francesco was persuaded by the Council of Ten to abdicate. He died a week later and was given a full ducal burial in the church of S Maria Gloriosa dei Frari, Venice. His tomb monument (for illustration see Bregno, (1)) in the same church, probably executed either by Niccolò di Giovanni Fiorentino or by members of the Bregno family, was erected at the instigation of the doge’s grandson Niccolò Foscari. Its mixture of Gothic and Renaissance elements echoes the hybrid character of public art and architecture during his reign....

Article

Lemos, Duarte de, 3rd Senhor de Trofa, Itales e Pampilhosa  

Miguel Soromenho

Article

Publication History:

Published online:
2003

(d Trofa do Vouga, nr Aveiro, June 27, 1558).

Portuguese soldier and patron. He was a kinsman of important noble families and had a distinguished military career in the Middle East and East Africa (1508–11) and later in Brazil. In 1534 he was responsible for the extensive rebuilding of the parish church of Trofa do Vouga, widening and restructuring the chapel, which he intended to become his family’s mausoleum. The remodelling of the ceiling is attributed to Diogo de Castilho, who gave it ribbed star vaulting, the central boss of which bears the coat of arms of the Lemos family. The group of tombs by João de Ruão was carved in the local white limestone and is arranged along the sides in four arcosolia, those on the right separated by a Corinthian pilaster and those on the left by two double columns. The structures, resting on high bases and surmounted by entablatures, are carved in the early Renaissance style popular in Coimbra and are profusely decorated at the corners with grotesques and with medallions carved with heads. A large figure in the round (...

Article

Sethos I  

C. A. Keller

Article

Publication History:

Published online:
2003

(reg c. 1290–c. 1279 bc). Egyptian ruler and patron, second ruler of the 19th Dynasty. The inclusion in his own titulary of the expression wehem–meswt (Egyp.: ‘renaissance’) explicitly stated the rationale for his vigorous political and architectural activity: in his aggressive military policy he sought to emulate the achievements of Tuthmosis III (reg c. 1479–c. 1426 bc) by re-establishing Egyptian power in Nubia and north Syria, and in his extensive building programme he attempted to restore monuments defaced during the Amarna period by iconoclastic followers of the sun god Aten. His repairs were frequently accompanied by a text, such as ‘a renewal of this monument that Sethos I made’.

His own monuments were fashioned on a large scale, possibly in imitation of the massive projects of Amenophis III (reg c. 1390–c. 1353 bc), and were decorated with characteristically fine reliefs. At Thebes, his most significant accomplishment was the completion of the ‘...