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Arakawa, Shusaku  

Japanese, 20th century, male.

Active in the USA since 1961.

Born 6 July 1936, in Nagoya (Aichi Prefecture).

Painter.

Conceptual Art.

Neo-Dadaist Organisers group.

Shusaku Arakawa studied medicine and mathematics at Tokyo University (1954-1958) and art at Musashino Art University, Tokyo. He began his career in the 1960s when he concerned himself with the representation of impossible space, which corresponded to Marcel Duchamp’s scientific interest in the fourth dimension. In 1960 he was involved in anti-art and Neo-Dadaism in Tokyo and produced his first happenings....

Article

Huang Yongping  

Chinese, 20th – 21st century, male.

Active in France from 1989.

Born 1954, in Xiamen (Fujian).

Installation artist.

Conceptual Art.

Huang Yongping graduated from the fine arts academy of Zhejiang in 1982. He was active in the Xiamen Dada group. He left China for Paris in ...

Article

Neo-Dadaism Organizers  

Shigeo Chiba

Group of Japanese artists who showed at the Yomiuri Independent exhibitions of the late 1950s and developed ‘anti-art’ activities modelled on those of the Dada movement. There were frequent dissolutions and reformings, but the group that formed in March 1960 included Masunobu Yoshimura (b 1932), Genpei Akasegawa (1937–2014), Shūsaku Arakawa, Shō Kazakura, Ushio Shinohara (b 1933) and Sōroku Toyoshima (and later Shintarō Tanaka (b 1940) and Shin Kinoshita); with the exception of Tetsumi Kudō and Tomio Miki, who associated with the group but never joined, it seemed then to comprise all the major ‘anti-art’ artists in Japan.

In 1960 three exhibitions were held, the first in April at the Ginza Art Gallery in Tokyo. These included performances, such as that by Yoshimura to mark the opening of a show (see 1985 exh. cat., p. 66), as well as the works, which often incorporated ...

Article

Ono, Yoko  

Japanese, 20th century, female.

Active in the USA.

Born 1933, in Tokyo.

Painter, sculptor, performance artist.

Neo-Dadaism, Fluxus.

After settling in New York, Yoko Ono initially took an active role in the Fluxus group, organising concerts (particularly of La Monte Young) and putting up artists from the group (George Brecht, Allan Kaprow, George Segal). After marrying the singer John Lennon of the Beatles, she broke off from her own activities as an artist and took part in demonstrations for peace and for the emancipation of women. Following the assassination of her husband, she returned to her work as an artist....

Article

Paik, Nam June  

Korean, 20th century, male.

Active in Germany and the USA.

Born 20 June 1932, in Seoul; died 29 January 2006, in Miami.

Installation artist, performance artist, video artist. Multimedia.

Neo-Dadaism, Fluxus, Cyber Art.

Paik Nam June’s family fled to Hong Kong, and later to Japan at the onslaught of the Korean War. He studied the history of art and music in Tokyo and continued his musical studies at Munich University and Freiburg Conservatory. During his studies, he was introduced to electronic music by Karlheinz Stockhausen and became friends with John Cage. In ...

Article

Saitō, Yoshishige  

Shin’ichiro Osaki

(b Tokyo, May 4, 1904; d Yokohama, June 13, 2001).

Japanese painter and sculptor. Self-taught as an artist, in the 1920s he met David Burlyuk and others involved with such movements as Futurism, Constructivism and Dada. From 1931 Saitō concentrated on a career as an artist, initially producing Constructivist reliefs. At that time a celebrated incident occurred when he refused to exhibit pieces at the Nikakai (Second Division Society) exhibition on the grounds that his pieces were neither painting nor sculpture: he was first chosen for the Nikakai exhibition in 1936. In 1938, together with Jirō Yoshihara and Takeo Yamaguchi (1902–83), he established the ‘Room Nine Society’ (Kyūshitsukai) with artists of the Nikakai whose works tended towards abstraction. He collaborated on Toro-wood, a series of reliefs (c. 1939) destroyed in World War II (for reconstruction see 1984 exh. cat., p. 54). During the war he was persecuted by the military authorities for his avant-garde activities....

Article

Shiraga, Kazuo  

Japanese, 20th – 21st century, male.

Born 1924, in Amagasaki, near Osaka (Hyogo Prefecture), Japan; died 8 April 2008, in Amagasaki, near Osaka (Hyogo Prefecture), Japan.

Painter.

Neo-Dadaism, Action Painting.

Zero, Gutai.

Shiraga Kazuo studied traditional painting at Tokyo Fine Arts and Music University (some sources say the Kyoto Art Academy). In 1953, together with Kaiko Kaneyama, Kaiko Tanaka, and Saburo Murakami, he founded the Zero group. In 1955, he underwent a conversion to modern Western-style painting, and joined the Gutai group, which had been founded in 1954 by Yoshihara Jiro, for the purpose of opening Japanese art to all possible modes of expression, all materials and all attitudes, as well as outdoor events, traditional forums, and art galleries. Having won the approval of the critic Michel Tapié in Tokyo, the group went on to make a great impression in Europe and the USA under Tapié’s influence, although he did temper some of its showy excesses and directed its members towards abstract art, of which he was then one of the great champions....

Article

Takamatsu, Jiro  

Japanese, 20th century, male.

Born 1936, in Tokyo.

Sculptor.

Neo-Dadaism, Mono-ha (school of things), Conceptual Art.

Haireddo Senta group.

Takamatsu Jiro finished his training in the painting department at the university of fine arts in Tokyo in 1958. In 1970, he began to exhibit at the Japan Art Festival Association. In ...

Article

Tanaka, Atsuko  

Japanese, 20th century, female.

Born 1932, in Osaka.

Painter, draughtswoman, installation artist, performance artist. Wall decorations.

Neo-Dadaism.

Groups: Zero, Gutai.

After graduating from art college in Kyoto, Atsuko Tanaka went on to study under the direction of Jiro Yoshihara. Already a member of the Zero...

Article

Huang Yong Ping  

Melissa Chiu

revised by Mael Bellec

(b Xiamen, Feb 19, 1954. d Ivry-sur-Seine, Oct 19, 2019).

Chinese installation artist, active also in France. Huang Yong Ping studied at the Zhejiang Fine Arts Academy (now the China Academy of Art) in Hangzhou, graduating in 1982. In 1986 he became one of the founders of Xiamen Dada, a group of artists famous for having burned their paintings after an exhibition (e.g. Event, 1986). This performance event and the group’s other activities were part of a broader national trend—known as the 1985 New Wave Movement—when a younger generation of artists began to experiment with all manner of styles and influences from outside China. Inspired by Chan Buddhism, Dadaism, John Cage, and Joseph Beuys’s works, Huang Yong Ping stood out for his conceptual approach and professed wariness toward art as a set value and a predefined concept. This philosophy led him to notably use chance and divination methods in his creation processes (e.g. Roulette Wheel: Four Paintings Created According to Random Instructions...

Article

Yoshihara, Jiro  

Japanese, 20th century, male.

Born 1905, in Osaka; died 1972, in Ashiya.

Painter.

Neo-Dadaism.

Gutai group.

Yoshihara (or Yoshiwara) Jiro taught himself oil painting while studying commerce at Kansai Gakuin University, Nishinomiya. He won his first prize at the 1934 Nika-kai exhibition and in 1938...

Article

Yoshimura, Masanobu  

Japanese, 20th century, male.

Active in the USA since 1962.

Born 1932, in Oita.

Painter.

Neo-Dadaist Organisers group.

After studying at Musashino College of Fine Arts near Tokyo from 1951 to 1955, Yoshimura Masanobu taught painting to children until 1960. In 1962 he moved to New York. From ...