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Article

Aberkios  

Greek, 19th century, male.

Lived and worked at the monastery of Mount Athos in the middle of the 19th century.

Engraver (line-engraving).

An engraving by this Greek monk represents the Virgin enthroned, surrounded by the tribes of Jesse and a number of prophets. He is also noted for 24 small vignettes illustrating a Greek hymnal....

Article

Acestor  

5th century, male.

Active at the beginning of the 5th century BC.

Born to a family originally from Cnossus.

Sculptor in bronze.

Ancient Greek.

Acestor is believed to be the father of Amphion, who was sometimes - though wrongly - credited with the Delphic Charioteer...

Article

Acestor (Son of Aeschron)  

3rd century, male.

Active in Argos.

Sculptor.

Ancient Greek.

Acestor worked in collaboration with Toron, son of Apellion, also from Argos, on a votive statue from Troezen.

Article

Achilles Painter  

5th century, male.

Active between 460 and 430 BC.

Painter.

Ancient Greek.

The Achilles Painter is named for his depictions of Achilles, particularly that on an amphora in the Vatican where the hero is shown armed with a lance and wearing a cuirass. He is depicted standing alone, while on the other side of the amphora is a female figure. This way of presenting single figures, one on either side of a vase, can be compared to the work of the Berlin Painter and initially had a very strong influence on the Achilles Painter. The rather exaggerated anatomical details of the early nudes is borrowed from the Berlin Painter....

Article

Acron (Son of Praton)  

5th century, male.

Active in the second half of the 5th century BC.

Born to a family originally from Selinus (Selinunte), Sicily.

Sculptor.

Ancient Greek.

Acron's name appears at Delphi on a base for two statues ( Asclepius and Hygieia?) offered by Philistion, a devotee of Asclepius. The inscription dates from before 400 BC....

Article

Adamas (Son of Adamas)  

2nd century, male.

Sculptor.

Ancient Greek.

According to an inscription from Delos, Adamas, an Athenian active at the end of the 2nd century BC, and his brothers Dionysodorus and Moschion made a statue ( Isis?) that was erected in Athens.

Article

Adler, (Johann Heinrich) Friedrich  

(b Berlin, Oct 15, 1827; d Berlin, Sept 15, 1908).

German architect, archaeologist and writer. He was one of the leading figures of Berlin’s architectural establishment in the latter half of the 19th century. On completion of his studies in 1852, he was given the prestigious post of Bauleiter at the Neues Museum in Berlin, designed by Friedrich August Stüler. He subsequently became a lecturer and in 1861 a professor of architectural history at the Bauakademie in Berlin. Many of his church buildings used medieval motifs and elements, for example the Christuskirche (1862–8) in Berlin and the Elisabethkirche (1869–72) in Wilhelmshafen. He followed Karl Bötticher in his attempts to merge medieval and classical elements, best illustrated in his design for the Thomaskirche (competition 1862; built 1865–70), Berlin. There, Adler used Gothic structural devices embellished with rich Renaissance detail, a tendency that was also present in many of the entries for the Berlin Cathedral competition (...

Article

Adolus, Joannes  

Greek, 16th century, male.

Active in Nicaea before 1588.

Painter. History painting, portraits.

According to Zani, Adolus reproduced an old Byzantine painting dating from the 14th century, the Portrait of Epiphanias, Bishop of Constance.

Article

Aeschines  

male.

Born in Rhodes.

Sculptor.

Ancient Greek.

Aeschines is known only from a mention in Diogenes Laertius.

Article

Aesopus  

6th century, male.

Active in Attica in the first quarter of the 6th century BC.

Sculptor.

Ancient Greek.

Aesopus' name, together with a reference to his brothers, was found in Attic characters on a base from Sigea in the Troad (the area around Troy).

Article

Aetion  

4th century, male.

Painter. Historical subjects, peopled scenes, genre scenes.

Ancient Greek.

Probably Ionian, Aetion was active in the second half of the 4th century BC. Lucian describes one of his paintings representing the Marriage of Alexander and Roxane, princess of Sogdiana. The Aldobrandini frescoes may relate to this work. Lucian's text inspired Sodoma (or Raphael ?) to paint the same subject. According to Pliny, who indicates that the artist also worked in bronze, Aetion also painted an ...

Article

Aetion  

C. Hobey-Hamsher

(fl late 4th century bc).

Greek painter. Pliny (Natural History, XXXV.78) placed Aetion in the 107th Olympiad (352–349 bc) and (XXXV.50) included him in a list of painters who used a palette restricted to four colours: white, yellow, red and black. Cicero (Brutus xviii.70), however, listed him among those painters who used a wider palette. It is likely that the four-colour palette was a restriction adopted occasionally by many artists who, in other works, used more than four colours. None of Aetion’s work survives, but Pliny ascribed to him pictures of Dionysos, Tragedy and Comedy, Semiramis Rising from Slavery to Royal Power and an Old Woman Carrying Lamps and Attending a Bride, whose modesty was apparent. His most famous painting depicted the Wedding of Alexander the Great and Roxane, and it was perhaps painted to celebrate it (327 bc). It was described by Lucian of Samosata (Aetion iv–vi), who saw it in Italy. Lucian added that when the painting was shown at Olympia, Proxenides, one of the chief judges of the games, was so impressed by it that he gave his daughter to Aetion in marriage. Alexander the Great stood best man. The painting included erotes playing with Alexander’s armour, a motif repeated in several Roman wall paintings with reference to Mars and Hercules. Another Aetion, also assigned to the 107th Olympiad, appears in a list of bronze sculptors drawn up by Pliny (XXXIV.50); this is probably an interpolation from XXXV.78....

Article

Agasias (Son of Menophilus)  

1st century, male.

Born to a family originally from Ephesus.

Sculptor.

Ancient Greek.

Agasias was a sculptor active in the first half of the 1st century BC. According to inscriptions from Delos, he made a number of portrait sculptures for the agora of that city. Two bases signed by him were found in the sanctuary dedicated to Poseidon on the island of Tenos. The inscriptions indicate that they supported a bronze group representing the ...

Article

Agathanor  

5th century, male.

Active in Athens in the second half of the 5th century BC.

Sculptor.

Ancient Greek, Classical Period.

Living at Alopeke (near Athens), Agathanor was a foreigner recorded as having received payment for work on the friezes of the Erechtheum in 408-407 BC....

Article

Agatharchos  

C. Hobey-Hamsher

(fl late 5th century bc).

Greek painter. He was the son of Eudemos and came originally from Samos, but worked in Athens; none of his work survives. He was said to be self-taught. Vitruvius (On Architecture VII.praef.11) claimed that Agatharchos was the first artist to paint a stage set on wooden panels. This was for a tragedy by Aeschylus (525/4–456 bc), although it may have been a revival presented later in the 5th century bc. Vitruvius added that he wrote a commentary discussing the theoretical basis of his painted scenery and that the philosophers Demokritos (late 5th century bc) and Anaxagoras (c. 500–428 bc) followed him in exploring theories of perspective. It is unlikely that Agatharchos organized his compositions around a single vanishing point. More probably, individual objects and buildings or groups of buildings were depicted receding towards separate vanishing points. If Agatharchos’ experiments in perspective were confined to stage scenery, they would have been limited to architectural backgrounds, before which the actor moved. Aristotle (...

Article

Agatharchus  

4th century, male.

Sculptor.

Ancient Greek.

Agatharchus is known from a signature from Thasos (dedication to Pan and Aphrodite).

Article

Agatharchus (Son of Dionysius)  

2nd century, male.

Born to a family originally from Boeotia.

Sculptor.

Ancient Greek.

Agatharchus' name appears in an inscription from the mid-2nd century BC found in the sanctuary of Amphiaraus at Oropus.

Article

Agatharchus (Son of Peionius)  

male.

Born in Samos.

Sculptor in bronze.

Ancient Greek.

Agatharchus is known from two signatures from Ephesus, not added until the statues were restored in the time of Tiberius.

Article

Agatharchus of Samos (Son of Eudemus)  

5th century, male.

Painter. Historical subjects.

Ancient Greek, Classical Period.

Agatharchus was a Samian painter working in Athens in the second half of the 5th century BC, at the time of Pericles. He is thought to have painted a skene (backdrop) for Aeschylus' play Seven against Thebes...

Article

Agathinus (Son of Menippus)  

4th century, male.

Wrongly described as a sculptor.

Ancient Greek.

Agathinus is known from a signature on the marble tree trunk supporting a now-lost statue from Privernum.