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(b Acadie, Qué., Oct 21, 1827; d Lachenaie, Qué., Aug 27, 1916).

Canadian architect, painter, sculptor, writer and teacher. He studied law in Montreal (1848–50), also attending classes under the Quebec painter Théophile Hamel until 1851. In 1852 Bourassa went to Italy, staying there for three years. Inspired by Victor Cousin’s treatise Du vrai, du beau, du bien (Paris, 1826, rev. 2/1853), which popularized a philosophy of eclecticism, he sought to influence artistic trends in Canada not only through promoting art as a means of developing moral and intellectual values but through encouraging state patronage of the arts.

Among Bourassa’s early paintings are portraits of his parents (1851; Quebec, Mus. Qué.) and of such leading churchmen as J.O. Archambault (St-Hyacinthe, Semin.). His first architectural work was the church of Notre-Dame-de-Lourdes, Montreal (begun 1872), for which he and a group of pupils also produced paintings and sculptures (in situ). Like several of Bourassa’s projects, this was influenced by the work of Hippolyte Flandrin. In ...

American, 19th century, male.

Born 17 October 1852, in Rochester; died 2 January 1904, in Syracuse (New York).

Painter, sculptor, architect, designer. Landscapes.

New York Water Color Club.

Harvey Ellis attended West Point Military Academy from 1871 to 1872, but was dismissed for misconduct. He then travelled to Europe to view fine architecture, and ...

American, 18th – 19th century, male.

Active in Pennsylvania.

Born at the end of the 18th century, in France.

Painter, watercolourist, sculptor, architect. Historical subjects, allegorical subjects, figures, landscapes, urban views, architectural views.

P. Maximilian F. Godefroy exhibited several times at the Royal Academy of Arts between ...

American, 19th century, male.

Born 17 October 1867, in Bergen Heights (New Jersey); died 1935.

Painter, sculptor.

Magonigle was a member of the Salmagundi Club in New York, the American Federation of Arts and the American Institute of Architects. He sculpted commemorative monuments and genre works....

American, 19th – 20th century, male.

Born 29 November 1869, in Philadelphia; died 16 March 1917.

Painter, sculptor, architect. Church decoration.

Harry Hanley Parker was also an architect. He decorated the Calvary Methodist Church, Philadelphia.

Term referring to the romantic character underlying the use of Roman and Greek forms in the art and architecture of the late 18th century and early 19th. First used by Sigfried Giedion in 1922 and later, in an important essay by Fiske Kimball in 1944, the term is most often applied to architecture. Henry-Russell Hitchcock used it extensively as a stylistic term that defined early Neo-classicism in his volume on 19th- and 20th-century architecture. But it also can be applied to painting, sculpture, and the decorative arts. The term recognizes the fundamental idea that the past evokes emotional associations. Even the seemingly rational and austere forms of Roman and Greek art could evoke sentiment.

One concept that helps explain Romantic Classicism is ‘associationism’, a principle that underlay much of the use of historical revival styles in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. When contemplating a building whose forms evoked a bygone era, the viewer made certain connections between the use of the style in the past and its appearance in the present. Thus when Thomas Jefferson chose the Roman temple, the Maison Carrée in Nîmes, as a model for the Virginia State House (...