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Fragonard, Jean-Honoré  

Colin Harrison

(b Grasse, April 4, 1732; d Paris, Aug 22, 1806).

French painter, draughtsman, printmaker and museum official.

He was the only child of François Fragonard (1699–1781) and Françoise Petit, who both came from families of shopkeepers and glove-makers in Grasse. In 1738 the family moved to Paris, where, on the advice of François Boucher, Fragonard spent some time as a pupil of Jean-Siméon Chardin. He entered Boucher’s own studio c. 1749 and probably remained there for about a year. Boucher was then at the height of his fame, and Fragonard doubtless assisted the overworked master on important commissions, such as large tapestry designs. He also made numerous copies after paintings by Boucher, such as Hercules and Omphale (untraced; c L62), and by Rembrandt, such as Girl with Broom (untraced; c L19). In 1752 Fragonard entered the competition for the Prix de Rome, relying on Boucher’s influence to overcome the stipulation that all candidates had to be pupils at the Académie Royale. His winning entry, ...

Article

Füssli, (Johann) Rudolf  

Georg Paula

(b Zurich, 1737; d Vienna, April 1806).

Swiss administrator, painter, draughtsman and etcher, son of Johann Caspar Füssli. While training in his father’s workshop he etched 37 vignettes for the Geschichte und Abbildung der besten Mahler in der Schweiz (1755–7). He tried to continue his education in Vienna from 1759 but was unsuccessful and so became a secretary to the counts of Pallasch in Pressburg (now Bratislava). After a brief revisit to Zurich, he worked in Hungary from 1770, eventually becoming president of the tax commission for the Syrmier district in 1786. The death of Emperor Joseph II in 1790 left him without a job, but he was shortly afterwards summoned to Vienna to become court draughtsman. The knowledge of art shown in the writings he then produced led to his being appointed to set up and direct the Kupferstichkabinett and library of the Akademie der bildenden Kunste in 1800.

See also Füssli family [Fuseli]...

Article

Golden, Thelma  

Josie Roland Hodson

(b Queens, New York, Sept 22, 1965).

American curator of visual art and museum director. She received her BA in 1987 in Art History and African American studies from Smith College, Northampton, MA, where she was a student of James Baldwin. Early in her career, Golden was a curatorial fellow at the Studio Museum in Harlem. In 1988 Golden was appointed as a curatorial assistant at the Whitney Museum of American Art, New York.

In 1989 Golden was named Visual Arts Director at Jamaica Arts Center in Queens (now Jamaica Center for Arts and Learning), working under Dr. Kellie Jones. In 1991 Golden returned to the Whitney Museum, where she remained until 1997, becoming the first African American to hold a curatorial position at the institution. This appointment launched her preeminent career as a curator of modern and contemporary art and, in particular, as a champion for Black visual artists globally. During her tenure, she was one of four curators of the landmark ...