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Belgian, 20th – 21st century, male.

Active in France from 1948.

Born 19 October 1927, in Brussels.

Painter (mixed media), watercolourist, engraver, illustrator, draughtsman. Artists’ books, wall decorations.

CoBrA group.

In 1944, Pierre Alechinsky was a pupil at the École d’Architecture et d’Arts in Brussels, interested in professions involving books, typography, and engraving. He always retained this preoccupation with the printed word and devoted a large part of his time to engraving, illustrating the books of poet friends, and writing himself. In 1947, he travelled to Morocco and Yugoslavia. That same year he began to exhibit in Brussels and became a member of the group Young Belgian Painting ( La Jeune Peinture Belge ). In 1948, he lived in Paris for the first time, and took part in the exhibition Dazzling Hands (Mains éblouies), held at the Galerie Maeght, which was dedicated to the arrival of the young second-generation abstract artists. At that time, Alechinsky belonged to the group CoBrA (standing for Copenhagen, Brussels, and Amsterdam). The group was formed during World War II, when several Danish artists succeeded in expressing their ideas in the ...

American, 20th – 21st century, male.

Born 19 February 1946, in Washington DC.

Painter, sculptor, draughtsman, engraver, photographer, video artist, glassmaker, decorative designer. Theatre design.

AfriCobra Group.

Akili Ron Anderson attended the Corcoran School of Art and Howard University in Washington DC where he lives and works. He is a member of AfriCobra (African Commune of Bad Relevant Artists) founded in ...

Spanish, 20th century, male.

Active in France from 1958.

Born 26 February 1937, in Madrid.

Painter (including mixed media), watercolourist, decorative designer, sculptor, engraver, draughtsman. Scenes with figures, figures, portraits. Stage sets.

Nouvelle Figuration, Figuration Narrative.

Eduardo Arroyo was educated at the Lycée Français in Madrid and then at the School of Journalism. At the age of 21, he left Franco's Spain for Paris, where he was to remain in exile for some 20 years. Although his original intention was to be a journalist rather than a painter, he saw painting as the most accessible and effective medium for his main aim, which was political militancy. He taught himself to paint, but this was made easier by the fact that it was not so much any possible aesthetic dimension to the work that interested him, but rather its immediate intelligibility and the power of the image. He brought together a mixture of techniques to create the effective image. Collage in its various forms was a constant feature of his style. In his early work, he often turned to what was then called 'Modification': that is, taking either a genuine picture from a second-hand shop, or a reproduction (as in the case of a work by Goya, Velázquez or Miró), and superimposing pictorial additions to alter the meaning, generally with the aim of being controversial and often humorous as well. He rapidly became a master of minimalist techniques, and soon began to exhibit at group shows. Some of these early shows were at the traditional exhibition centres, such as the Salon des Grands et Jeunes d'Aujourd'hui and the Salon de Mai. He was an influential member of the Salon de la Jeune Peinture, where he exhibited from 1960 onwards, and his exhibitions there between 1964 and 1969 (with Aillaud and Récalcati) triggered militant activity that led to a temporary change in the group's name....

French, 20th century, male.

Born 26 June 1909, in Dijon; died 6 December 1996, in Paris.

Painter, collage artist, engraver, draughtsman. Wall decorations, designs for mosaics, stained glass windows, tapestries, stage costumes and sets.

A pupil at the École des Beaux-Arts in Lyons in 1930, Bertholle studied in Paris from 1932-1934, and subsequently attended classes run by the painter Roger Bissière at the Académie Ranson, where he met his friends and associates Manessier, Etienne-Martin, Le Moal and Véra Pagava. He was artistic director of the Gien porcelain factory from 1943-1957, and taught at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris from 1965-1980. He was a member of the Institut de France, a Chevalier of the Légion d'Honneur and a Commander of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres. Initially an admirer of Puvis de Chavannes, whose work he had encountered at the city museum in Lyons, Bertholle later discovered Manet (at the Paris Exposition Universelle of 1932), and through the latter, Van Gogh and Renoir. Following his early, highly-coloured Expressionist period, Bertholle was greatly influenced by the Flemish fantasies of Breughel and Heironymus Bosch, and ultimately by the Surrealists - as may be seen in his painting of the ...

Italian, 20th century, male.

Born 11 February 1881, in Quargnento (Alessandria); died 13 April 1966, in Milan.

Painter, watercolourist, draughtsman, collage artist, engraver (including etching), lithographer, decorative designer, art theorist. Landscapes, landscapes with figures, urban landscapes, seascapes. Frescoes.

Futurism, Pittura Metafiscia (Metaphysical Painting), Novecento Italiano, Magic Realism...

French, 20th century, male.

Born 1 January 1907, in Moligt, near Alep, of Armenian origin; died 12 August 2000, in Marsac-sur-l'Isle (Dordogne).

Painter (including gouache/mixed media), watercolourist, pastellist, collage artist, sculptor, engraver, draughtsman, illustrator, decorative artist. Nudes, landscapes, landscapes with figures, still-lifes. Designs for tapestries, stage sets...

Russian, 20th century, male.

Active in France from 1901.

Born 28 May 1881, in Moscow; died 13 October 1958, in Paris.

Painter (including gouache), engraver, collage artist, decorative designer, illustrator. Designs for tapestries.

Serge Férat travelled extensively in his youth to England, France, Italy, and Germany. In 1901–1902, he settled, with his sister Baroness d’Oettingen, in Paris, where he took classes with William-Adolphe Bouguereau at the Académie Julian. He was also a pupil of Baschet and Schommer. Wealthy and ostentatious, the young Count was surrounded by poets and painters and often attended the night club ...

Austrian, 20th century, male.

Born 1930, in Vienna.

Painter, draughtsman, engraver, illustrator, sculptor, collage artist, decorative designer. Scenes with figures, figures. Stage sets.

Groups: Hundsgruppe (Dog’s group), Phantastischer Realismus group.

Ernst Fuchs enrolled at the Akademie der Bildenden Künste in Vienna in 1945. From 1946 to 1950, he was a pupil of Gütersloh, whom Salvador Dalí considered the most important painter of his time (after himself). In around 1950, he was one of the founders of the Viennese ...

French, 20th – 21st century, male.

Active in Marcilly-sur-Eure from 1984.

Born 10 March 1946, in Paris.

Painter (including gouache), installation artist, sculptor, engraver, draughtsman, illustrator. Mythological subjects, religious subjects, figure compositions, genre scenes, portraits, nudes, landscapes, still-lifes. Wall decorations, stage sets.

Nouvelle Figuration.

Gérard Garouste was mostly self-taught. He went to the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris for a brief period in ...

Polish, 20th century, male.

Active in France from 1925.

Born 27 June 1921, in Warsaw.

Painter (gouache/mixed media), sculptor, engraver, illustrator, decorative artist. Designs for tapestries, designs for mosaics.

Ladislas Kijno made his first pictorial experiments while studying philosophy at the University of Lille between 1941 and 1945. In 1950 he founded the ...

Russian, 20th century, male.

Active since 1975 in France.

Born 5 July 1940, in Moscow.

Painter (including gouache/mixed media), watercolourist, engraver, decorative designer, sculptor. Stage sets.

Yuri Kuper was the son of a violinist, and studied at the academy of fine art in Moscow from 1957 to 1963...

Hungarian, 20th century, female.

Active in France from 1959, naturalised in 1968.

Born 1928, in Budapest.

Painter (gouache/mixed media), draughtswoman, engraver. Designs for tapestries, artists' books, wall decorations.

Groupe Carré.

Anna Mark studied at the academy of fine arts in Budapest from 1946 to 1950...

Italian, 20th century, male.

Born 1927, in Rome.

Painter, decorative designer, mixed media, engraver (including etching). Murals, ceramics.

Nouvelle Figuration.

Groups: Forma 1, MAC (Movimento Arte Concreta).

Achille Perilli enrolled at the University of Rome in 1945 and founded theSocial Art (Arte Sociale...

Danish, 20th century, female.

Active in Belgium.

Born 1941, in Copenhagen.

Painter, collage artist, sculptor, engraver. Wall decorations.

Anne-Marie Sikker trained at the school of industrial art and design and the Kunstakademi in Copenhagen, and at the art academy in Watermael-Boitsfort in Belgium. She spent some time in Latin America....

Mexican, 20th century, male.

Born 18 August 1920, in Guadalajara (Jalisco).

Painter (mixed media/gouache), sculptor, engraver, decorative artist, draughtsman. Figures, nudes, portraits, interiors with figures, landscapes, animals. Stage sets.

Juan Soriano had no artistic training other than some instruction on 19th century Mexican and European art. When very young he apparently received advice from Roberto Montenegro and Jesús Reyes Ferreira. In 1935 he was appointed to teach in Mexico art school. He often visited Europe, especially Rome and Paris, where he lived....

British, 20th century, male.

Born 1928, in London.

Painter, sculptor, mixed media, engraver, screen printer. Wall decorations.

Pop Art.

Joseph Tilson was initially a carpenter-joiner and subsequently made use of this skill in his artistic creations. After military service in the Royal Air Force he studied at St Martin's School of Art and the Royal College of Art in London from 1949 to 1955. He won the Knapping Prize and the Rome Prize in 1955, which enabled him to spend two years in Italy. In 1961 he won the Gulbenkian Scholarship for young painters. He also spent some time in Spain. He taught at the University of London, the Institute of Visual Art in New York and the Hamburg School of Fine Art. He was elected an associate of the Royal Academy in 1985 and a full member in 1991....

Canadian, 20th century, male.

Born 13 June 1924, in Toronto (Ontario); died 1990.

Painter, collage artist, draughtsman, sculptor, illustrator, engraver, decorative designer. Murals, stage costumes and sets.

Op Art.

Painters Eleven.

Harold Barling Town studied at the Western Technical Institute and the Ontario College of Art in Toronto ...