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Italian, 15th century, male.

Activec.1456.

Painter, writer.

Antonello di Nicola da Teramo painted a Last Judgement at S Giovanni in Teramo.

German, 15th century, male.

Born c. 1435; died 1504.

Painter, miniaturist, illuminator, writer, printer. Religious subjects.

School of Alsace.

Hans Baemler's name appears for the first time in 1453. He established himself in Augsburg as a printer. His name appears on two miniatures, a Crucifixion...

Italian, 16th century, male.

Born 19 January 1560, in Alcamo; died 27 July 1604.

Painter, draughtsman, poet.

Sebastiano Bagolino was the son of the painter Leonardo Bagolino. His only surviving works are a few drawings in Alcamo and in the city library of Palermo.

Flemish, 16th century, male.

Born c. 1525, in Antwerp; died c. 1598.

Painter, engraver, poet. Genre scenes, village scenes, local scenes (kermesses).

Antwerp School, Flemish School.

A member of the guild of St Luke in 1540, Pieter Balten became the dean of the guild in 1569. As an artist he was much influenced by Pieter Bruegel the Elder. Indeed, a large composition by Pieter Balten now in the museum in Amsterdam, ...

Italian, 14th century, male.

Active in Florence and Treviso during the first half of the 14th century.

Born 1264, in Barberino di Val d'Elsa; died 1348, in Florence.

Poet, draughtsman.

French, 15th century, male.

Active in Troyes from 1480 to 1486.

Writer, miniaturist, binder.

Persian School, 15th – 16th century, male.

Active in Herat from 1468 to 1506, then in Tabriz.

Born between 1450 and 1460; died, in 1536 according to some sources, in 1537 according to others.

Miniaturist, writer.

Bahzad became the first truly famous Persian miniature painter and is the first known painter to have signed his work. The Louvre has a painting by him in grisaille, dated circa ...

Italian, 16th century, male.

Born c. 1509, in Colonnata, near Carrara; died 1573, in Padua.

Sculptor, poet.

Florentine School.

Danese Cattaneo was a pupil of Jacopo Sansovino in Rome, and later went to join his master in Venice, where he produced a series of works over the course of his career. The most notable of these were in the church of S Salvatore, and in the church of SS Giovanni e Paolo (the tomb of the Doge Leon Loredano). He also worked in Verona and Padua on a number of occasions....

Italian, 16th century, male.

Born 1483, in Milan; died 1546, in 1543 according to Lanzi.

Architect, painter, writer.

Cesare di Lorenzo Cesariano studied architecture with Bramante. At the same time, he was drawing and painting in the studio of Leonardo da Vinci. Documents indicate that he produced a number of paintings, chiefly in Reggio and Milan, at various times throughout his somewhat turbulent life. Some art historians believe that he also painted miniatures. He published a translation of Vitruvius' treatise on architecture in ...

British, 15th century, male.

Born c. 1418, in Wells; died 1490.

Miniaturist, writer.

Flemish School, 16th century, male.

Born 14 August 1502, in Aelst, or 4 July 1507 according to other sources; died 1550, in Brussels.

Painter, sculptor, architect, draughtsman, writer. Designs for tapestries.

Brussels School.

A pupil of Barent van Orley in Brussels from 1517 to 1521, he went to Italy in about 1521 and became a Master of the Antwerp Guild in 1527. He had two sons, Pieter and Michel, and when widowed, two illegitimate sons, Pauweel and Antoon. He later married the miniaturist Maria Verhulst, by whom he had three children, Pauwel, Katelyne and Maria - this latter married Pieter Bruegel the Elder. He travelled to Constantinople in 1533 to make cartoons of tapestries for the Sultan, but since the representation of human beings and animals was forbidden by Islam the journey came to nothing. It has been suggested that he went to discover the secrets of making oriental carpets, but he returned with studies of type, costumes and a book, ...

Dutch, 16th century, male.

Born 1522 or 1519, in Amsterdam; died 29 October 1590, in Gouda.

Draughtsman, engraver, writer.

Haarlem School.

After visiting Spain and Portugal, Dirk Coornhert married Neeltze Simons; he left his place at court and settled in Haarlem as an engraver. A theological student until the age of 30, he became a notary in 1561, Secretary of the Council of Haarlem in 1564 and Secretary of the Netherland Estates in 1572. He had to flee to Xanthe to escape the persecution of the Protestants. Coornhert lived in Haarlem from 1577 to 1587, and then in Gouda. He was a friend of Frans Floris, Heemskerk and Bruegel....

Italian, 16th century, male.

Active in Busto Arsizio near Milan.

Miniaturist, writer.

Francesco Crespi decorated a choir book at the start of the 16th century for the church of S Giovanni, Busto Arsizio, where he was the parish priest.

German, 15th century, male.

Born in Constance; died 1471, in Constance.

Writer, miniaturist (?).

A writer, he may have illustrated his own books.

Chinese, 12th century, male.

Painter, critic.

Song dynasty.

Deng Chun was a scholar-official who came to know painting at a very young age thanks to his family’s extensive art collection. He was the author of the most important history of art of the Southern Song dynasty, the ...

French, 15th century, male.

Writer, miniaturist.

Gilles Deschamps worked for the duke of Burgundy in around 1427.

French, 15th century, male.

Active in Tours.

Illuminator, writer.

Two of this artist's manuscripts The Apple Tree of Suffering, and The Hours of the Cross, are in the Bibliothèque Nationale in Paris. He worked for King Louis XI and King Charles VIII.

Dutch, 15th – 16th century, male.

Born 28 October 1466, in Rotterdam; died 12 July 1536, in Basel.

Theologian, painter.

Erasmus, humanist and brilliant scholar, was the illegitimate son of the daughter of a doctor from Gudda. His father, Gerard, left Gouda to escape family problems taking refuge in Rome, where he took holy orders. At the age of nine, the boy Erasmus began his studies in Deventer. Orphaned at 17, he became a canon at the monastery of Stein near Gudda. It was at this time that he began to paint. There was once in Delft a crucifix that bore the following inscription in his own hand: ...

German, 15th century, male.

Active in Augsburg.

Writer, miniaturist (?).

Johannes Erlinger is thought to have illustrated a number of chronicles.

Italian, 15th century, male.

Born in Reggio; died c. 1495, in Ferrara.

Miniaturist, writer.

Evangelista illustrated rituals for Ferrara Cathedral in collaboration with Jacobo Filippo d'Argenta. He worked for the Marchese Borso d'Este.