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Article

Aalto, Alvar  

Publication History:

Published online:
31 October 2011
Collection:
Benezit Dictionary of Artists

Finnish, 20th century, male.

Born 3 February 1898, in Kuortane; died 11 May 1976, in Helsinki.

Architect, designer, painter, draughtsman, watercolourist. Figures, landscapes, landscapes with figures, urban landscapes, still-lifes. Models (furniture/glass).

Alvar Aalto was adamant that his experience as a painter was an indispensable adjunct to his profession as an architect, noting repeatedly that modern architecture had its roots in painting. As an architecture student, he took private lessons with the Finnish painter Eero Järnefelt. He moved in artistic circles and was frequently to be found in the company of the sculptor Wäinö Altonen and the painters Henry Ericsson and Eemu Myntti. For a period, he also worked as an art critic....

Article

Abadie-Landel, Pierre  

Publication History:

Published online:
31 October 2011
Collection:
Benezit Dictionary of Artists

French, 20th century, male.

Born 22 August 1896, in Paris; died 23 September 1972.

Painter, decorative designer. Genre scenes, seascapes.

Abadie-Landel was a pupil in the painting department of the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris until 1917. He featured in numerous annual Parisian salons, such as the Salon des Artistes Français, Société Nationale des Beaux-Arts and Salon des Indépendants, through which he received various awards between ...

Article

Aballain, Arthur  

Publication History:

Published online:
31 October 2011
Collection:
Benezit Dictionary of Artists

French, 20th century, male.

Born 10 February 1944, in Rocroi (Ardennes).

Painter (including gouache), draughtsman, decorative designer. Stage costumes and sets.

Aballain graduated from the École des Arts Décoratifs in Paris in 1965.

He designed the stage sets and costumes for A Season in Hell...

Article

Abbéma, Louise  

Publication History:

Published online:
31 October 2011
Collection:
Benezit Dictionary of Artists

French, 19th – 20th century, female.

Born 30 October 1858, in Étampes; died 1927, in Paris.

Painter (including gouache), watercolourist, pastellist, engraver, draughtswoman, illustrator. Allegorical subjects, genre scenes, portraits, interiors, flowers. Decorative panels.

Abbéma was a pupil of Chaplin, Henner and Carolus-Duran. Until 1926, she exhibited regularly at the Salon des Artistes Français, gaining an honourable commendation in 1881 and a bronze medal at the Exposition Universelle of 1900. She was made a Chévalier of the Légion d'Honneur in 1906....

Article

Acke, Johan Axel Gustav  

Publication History:

Published online:
31 October 2011
Collection:
Benezit Dictionary of Artists

Swedish, 19th – 20th century, male.

Born 1 April 1859, in Stockholm; died 1924.

Painter, engraver, decorative designer. Genre scenes, landscapes.

Johan Axel Gustav Acke worked at the academy of art in Stockholm from 1876 to 1881 before going to study at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris and travelling in Italy, Holland, Belgium and Finland, where he stayed for a considerable time....

Article

Adams-Teltscher, George  

Publication History:

Published online:
31 October 2011
Collection:
Benezit Dictionary of Artists

Austrian, 20th century, male.

Active in England.

Born 1904, in Purkersdorf (Vienna).

Painter, draughtsman, decorative designer.

George Adams-Teltscher studied at the school of decorative arts in Vienna and then at the Bauhaus in Dessau from 1921 to 1923. Probably influenced by Oskar Schlemmer, he became a theatre decorator in Vienna in ...

Article

Adamson, Eric Karl Hugo  

Publication History:

Published online:
31 October 2011
Collection:
Benezit Dictionary of Artists

Estonian, 20th century, male.

Born 18 August 1902, in Tartu; died c. 1968.

Painter, decorative artist. Portraits, still-lifes.

Eric Adamson received a fine art grant from the Estonian government and became a student of the school of art and design in Berlin, then attended the Académies Libres Colarossi et Ranson in Paris and the workshop of André Lhote and of the Russian painter Vasili Shukhaev. He participated in a number of exhibitions including: Estonia (regularly from ...

Article

Adnet, Jacques and Jean  

Publication History:

Published online:
31 October 2011
Collection:
Benezit Dictionary of Artists

French, 20th century, male.

Born 20 April 1900, in Chatillon-Coligny (Loiret); Jean died in 1995, Jacques died in 1984, both in France.

Painter, sculptor (including bronze/ceramics), decorative designer. Landscapes, figures, animals.

Jacques Adnet was an influential and important French designer, working during the height of the Art Deco movement, which first began just before World War I and continued through the 1940s. Jacques Adnet began his education with his twin brother, Jean, at the Municipal School of Design in Auxerre and later attended École des Arts Decoratifs in 1916, studying under architect Charles Louis Genuys. After graduating, Adnet honed his cabinetry and carpentry skills as an apprentice under French artist, architect, and designer Tony Selmersheim, and began working collaboratively with his brother, Jean. Their dual creations, most of which were furniture, were presented under a shared names as ‘J.-J. Adnet’. The twins exhibited their works at the Exposition Internationale des Arts Décoratifs et Industriels Modernes...

Article

Agam, Yaacov  

Publication History:

Published online:
31 October 2011
Collection:
Benezit Dictionary of Artists

pseudonym of Yaacov Gibstein

Israeli, 20th century, male.

Active from 1951; also active in Paris, France.

Born 11 May 1928, in Rishon-le-Ziyyon, Palestine (now Israel).

Painter, sculptor, printmaker. Wall decorations, monuments.

Op Art, Kinetic Art.

The son of a rabbi, Yaacov Agam was educated at the Bezalel art college in Jerusalem. He was arrested by the British in 1945 and imprisoned for two years. On his release, he travelled extensively in Europe. He spent time in Switzerland, where he studied at the Kunstgewerbeschule under Johannes Itten, the colour theoretician and one of the driving forces behind the preparatory course for admission to the Bauhaus in Dessau. Agam arrived in Paris in 1951 and enrolled at the Atelier d’Art Abstrait presided over by Jean Dewasne and Edgard Pillet. He visited the USA and gave a lecture in Chicago in 1961 on ‘four-dimensional’ painting, a theme that pervades his own work.

In addition to individual paintings of a conventional size, Agam has frequently been commissioned to paint large decorative murals. Examples include his ceiling for the Jerusalem national convention centre; a ...

Article

Agutte, Georgette  

Publication History:

Published online:
31 October 2011
Collection:
Benezit Dictionary of Artists

French, 19th – 20th century, female.

Born 17 May 1867, in Paris; died 4 September 1922, in Chamonix.

Painter, sculptor, draughtswoman. Portraits, landscapes, still-lifes, flowers. Decorative panels.

Georgette Agutte came from a wealthy bourgeois family who were interested in art. She began studying sculpture by Louis Schroeder. She attended lessons given by Gustave Moreau at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris, as did Matisse and Rouault, artists of her generation. After her divorce in ...

Article

Aikman, William  

Publication History:

Published online:
31 October 2011
Collection:
Benezit Dictionary of Artists

British, 19th – 20th century, male.

Stained glass painter, enameller.

From 1893, Aikman exhibited the designs and executions of his works. He endeavoured to bring back to life in England the science of the master stained-glass painters of the Renaissance as well as that of the artists of the Gothic period....

Article

Akopian, George  

Publication History:

Published online:
31 October 2011
Collection:
Benezit Dictionary of Artists

Russian, 20th century, male.

Active in France.

Born 18 February 1912, in Baku.

Painter, watercolourist, draughtsman, engraver, decorative designer. Religious subjects, figures, nudes, scenes with figures, landscapes, seascapes, architectural views, still-lifes, animals. Designs for tapestries, designs for mosaics, murals, church decoration.

A self-taught artist of Armenian origin, George Akopian went to France in ...

Article

Alard, Claude  

Publication History:

Published online:
31 October 2011
Collection:
Benezit Dictionary of Artists

Belgian, 20th century, male.

Active in France.

Born 1939, in Fleurus (Hainaut).

Sculptor, painter. Monuments.

Claude Alard trained as a locksmith in 1959, but was self-taught as an artist. He was the decorator for the theatre at the Maison de la Culture in Bourges. From ...

Article

Alaux, François  

Publication History:

Published online:
31 October 2011
Collection:
Benezit Dictionary of Artists

French, 20th century, male.

Born 11 October 1878, in Bordeaux; died 16 April 1952, in Bordeaux.

Painter. Portraits, landscapes, seascapes, interiors. Wall decorations.

Orientalism.

François Alaux was the great-grandson of the painter Jean-Paul Alaux, otherwise known as Gentil (the Gentle) and the nephew of Guillaume Alaux, also a painter. He studied under Léon Bonnat at the École des Beaux-Arts de Paris. His fellow student, Othon Friesz, painted his portrait there in 1900....

Article

Alaux, Gustave  

Publication History:

Published online:
31 October 2011
Collection:
Benezit Dictionary of Artists

French, 20th century, male.

Born 21 August 1887, in Bordeaux; died 27 February 1965, in Paris.

Painter, decorative artist, engraver (wood), illustrator. Historical subjects, portraits, nudes, seascapes, boats.

Gustave Alaux was the son of Daniel Alaux and great-grandson of Jean-Paul Alaux, otherwise known as Gentil (the Gentle). He studied under Marcel Baschet and Henri Royer at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris. He exhibited at the Salon des Artistes Français from ...

Article

Alaux, Jean-Pierre  

Publication History:

Published online:
31 October 2011
Collection:
Benezit Dictionary of Artists

French, 20th century, male.

Born 14 November 1925, in La Ciotat.

Painter, watercolourist, draughtsman, sculptor, lithographer, illustrator. Figure compositions, figures, nudes, portraits, interiors, landscapes, urban landscapes, seascapes, still-lifes. Wall decorations.

Symbolism.

Jean-Pierre Alaux was the son of François Alaux and the great-great-grandson of Jean-Paul Alaux. From ...

Article

Albers, Anni  

Publication History:

Published online:
31 October 2011
Collection:
Benezit Dictionary of Artists

maiden name: Fleischmann

German, 20th century, female.

Active in the USA.

Born 12 June 1899, in Berlin; died 10 May 1994, in Orange (Connecticut), USA.

Draughtswoman, textile designer, printmaker.

Having studied in Berlin and Hamburg, Anni Albers went on to study at the Bauhaus from 1922 to 1930. She married Josef Albers and became an assistant teacher at a weaving workshop. In 1933, the two emigrated to the USA, founding the art department at Black Mountain College, a newly established liberal arts school in North Carolina. In 1949, Anni and Josef moved to New Haven (Connecticut) where he served as chair for the design department at Yale University.

As early on as her first teaching post at the Bauhaus, where she ran technical classes, she taught students to combine natural and synthetic materials in weaving, saying: ‘The material determines its own limits in the face of the tasks imposed by the imagination.’ After emigrating to the USA, she continued to teach this philosophy at Black Mountain College and was thus part of the considerable influence exerted by the college on the artistic movement that would go on to become the American School of the 1940s. Challenging historical distinctions between high and low art forms, she carved out space for fibre arts within the discourse of fine art. Her pedagogical approach not only integrated art, craft, and industry, but also emphasised the cultivation of moral character, self-sufficiency, and independence from machinery....

Article

Albert, Patrick  

Publication History:

Published online:
31 October 2011
Collection:
Benezit Dictionary of Artists

French, 20th century, male.

Painter, decorative artist.

Nouvelle Figuration.

Patrick Albert painted in acrylics, and often used fabric as a backing for his paintings. In the 1980s, he was one of several young artists who sought to work and exhibit outside the traditional spheres of the art market. In ...

Article

Albin  

Publication History:

Published online:
31 October 2011
Collection:
Benezit Dictionary of Artists

French, 20th century, male.

Born 17 February 1941, in Paris.

Painter, watercolourist, sculptor, draughtsman, decorative designer.

Albin studied sculpture and mural decoration in Paris at the École des Arts Appliqués à l'Industrie, and engraving and lithography at the École des Beaux-Arts. He creates décors for television, film, theatre and the opera. The French state has commissioned sculptures and frescoes from him....

Article

Aldin, Cecil Charles Windsor  

Publication History:

Published online:
31 October 2011
Collection:
Benezit Dictionary of Artists

British, 19th – 20th century, male.

Born 28 April 1870, in Slough; died 6 January 1935.

Painter (including gouache), watercolourist, draughtsman (including ink/wash), pastellist, illustrator. Sporting subjects, genre scenes, hunting scenes, animals, landscapes. Posters, decorative schemes.

Cecil Aldin studied anatomy and animal painting with the animal painter William Frank Calderon at Kensington Art School. His watercolour drawings, with their sure touch and pure colours, brought him to fame. He also wrote and illustrated many children's books, such as ...