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Article

Luz, Arturo  

Publication History:

Published online:
25 July 2013
Collection:
Benezit Dictionary of Artists

Filipino, 20th – 21st century, male.

Born 1926, in Manila.

Painter, sculptor, printmaker, designer. Figures, landscapes, cityscapes, genre scenes.

Neo-Realists.

Arturo Luz began his art lessons under the painter Pablo Amorsolo. He studied at the University of Santo Tomas College of Fine Arts and received a scholarship to attend the California College of Arts and Crafts in Oakland, California, from which he graduated in 1949. He took up further studies at the Brooklyn Museum of Art School, New York, in 1950 and at the Académie de la Grande Chaumière, Paris, in 1951. In the same year, he held his first solo exhibition, at the Raymond Duncan Gallery in Paris, and the following year, he returned to the Philippines and had a solo exhibition at the Manila Hotel. Luz was a central figure in the development of modernism in the Philippines, as one of the youngest members of the Neo-Realist group of artists in the 1950s. Exemplifying austerity and reduction of form, he works with a variety of media, including oil and acrylic, paper, burlap, metal, and stone....

Article

Museum of Modern Art  

Deborah Cullen

Publication History:

Published online:
16 September 2010
Collection:
Grove Art Online

[MoMA] (New York)

The Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) was founded in 1929 by patrons Lillie P(lummer) Bliss, Cornelius J. Sullivan and Rockefeller family §(1) to establish an institution devoted to modern art. Over the next ten years the Museum moved three times and in 1939 settled in the Early Modern style building (1938–9) designed by Philip S. Goodwin and Edward Durell Stone that it still occupies at 11 West 53 Street. Subsequent renovations and expansions occurred in the 1950s and 1960s by Philip Johnson, in 1984 by Cesar Pelli and in 2002–4 by Yoshirō Taniguchi (b 1937). MoMA QNS, the temporary headquarters during this project, was subsequently used to provide art storage. In 2000, MoMA and the contemporary art space, P.S.1, Long Island City, Queens, announced their affiliation. Recent projects are shown at P.S.1 in Queens in a renovated public school building.

According to founding director, Alfred H(amilton) Barr...

Article

Toledo, Francisco  

Teresa del Conde

revised by Deborah Caplow

Publication History:

Published online:
2003
Collection:
Grove Art Online

(b Juchitán, Oaxaca, Jul 17, 1940).

Mexican painter, sculptor, textile designer, printmaker, and collector. He grew up in the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, an area that was rich in legends, rites, and beliefs springing from a strong Zapotec tradition predating the Spanish conquest of Mexico. He began to draw and paint at a very early age, studying first in Oaxaca, where he produced linocuts in the graphic workshop run by Arturo García Bustos (1926–2017). In 1957 he moved to Mexico City to attend the Escuela de Diseño y Artesanía of the Instituto Nacional de Bellas Artes. After holding his first solo shows of gouaches and prints in 1959 in Fort Worth, Texas, and Mexico City, he moved in 1960 to Paris, where until 1963 he studied printmaking under Stanley William Hayter. While continuing to work within Western traditions, he became interested in the art of Asian cultures and in ancient Mexican art, especially in those forms that were not officially sanctioned....