Article
P. A. Andrews, Ziyaud-Din Desai, Susan Gole, Henryk Jurkowski, Hana Knížková, Kirit Mankodi, Robert Skelton, Geraldine Smith-Parr, Susan Stronge, and Woodman Taylor
See also Indian Subcontinent [India and South Asia before 1947]
Except for the Chinese method of block-printing used in Tibetan areas (see Tibet, §V, 9), the technology for mechanically reproducing texts and images was introduced into South Asia by European colonial powers. The production of printed books as well as single prints and broadsheets was initially controlled by colonial officials and European missionaries, who established printing presses at colonial ports. Printing began in Portuguese Goa in 1556 and is recorded at the British colony of Bombay in 1674, at the Danish colony of Tranquebar by 1792 and in Bengal by 1778. The first Devanagari founts were developed in Calcutta to print Hindi and Sanskrit text. Charles Wilkins, working at the Fort William College in Calcutta, and William Carey, at his Serampore mission, developed founts for printing the scripts of many regional South and South-east Asian languages.
With the proliferation of presses that could print South Asian languages, vernacular newspapers quickly appeared. These early newspapers included some of the first printed graphic art produced by Indian artists. By the 1830s, traditional ...
Article
Monique D. J. M. Teunissen
(b Magelang, Aug 5, 1927; d Amsterdam, Jan 1, 1975).
Dutch interior designer and industrial designer of Indonesian birth. After training at the Instituut voor Kunstnijverheidsonderwijs (now the Gerrit Rietveld Academie), Amsterdam (1950–54), he rapidly established himself as a designer. His first industrial contacts were made as a consultant/adviser to the Good Living foundation (1954–6). In the post-war years Kho played an important role in stimulating the cooperation between designers and industry and influenced the design policies of various Dutch furniture producers, including Wagemans/Artifort, Maastricht, and CAR, Katwijk. He was also an active organizer and initiator of various exhibitions and congresses. Through his versatility, original ideas and remarkable creativity he was considered as one of the most eminent Dutch designers. His work is distinguished both by its playfulness and originality and by a desire to achieve something more than a rational organization of interior space. Nevertheless, his work was clearly based on rational, analytical elements; he was familiar with the principles of the Bauhaus through his teacher ...
Article
Gordon Campbell
Close-grained wood taken from the trees of the genera Dalbergia; the traditional source was Brazil, where it is known as Jacaranda; the variety from South and South-east Asia is Indian rosewood (Dalbergia latifolia). The name rosewood alludes to its odour rather than its appearance. It was widely used by cabinetmakers in 19th-century England, France and Germany....
