German, 19th – 20th century, male.
Born 14 April 1868, in Hamburg; died 27 February 1940, in Berlin.
Painter, draughtsman, engraver, architect, designer, decorative artist, graphic designer. Posters, furniture, wallpaper, carpets, glassware, ceramics, table services, jewellery, silverwork, objets d'art, typefaces.
Jugendstil, functional school.
Die Sieben (Group of Seven), Deutscher Werkbund...
French, 18th – 19th century, male.
Born 17 May 1754, in Lyons; died 24 October 1843, in Lyons.
Painter (gouache), watercolourist, pastellist, engraver, draughtsman, miniaturist. Portraits, still-lifes (flowers/fruit), costume studies. Designs for fabrics.
Berjon was the son of a butcher and grew up in the Vaise suburb of Lyons. He initially worked with his father; then, it is thought, he gave this up to study medicine, before learning to draw with the sculptor Perrache in Lyons. Eventually he became a designer at a silk manufacturer in Lyons, and began to paint. He often travelled to Paris on business, where he got to know several painters and became friends with the portrait artist Augustin. As a result of the destruction of the silk factory during the siege of Lyons, Berjon moved to Paris, where he lived in abject poverty for many years. He eventually returned to Lyons and went to work for an embroidery manufacturer and, in ...
French, 19th – 20th century, male.
Born 12 January 1874, in Montpellier; died 1933, in Algiers.
Painter (including gouache), engraver, decorative artist. Genre scenes, figures, landscapes, landscapes with figures. Designs for carpets, designs (furniture).
Orientalism.
School of Algiers.
Léon Cauvy studied under Albert Maignan and exhibited at the Paris Salon as of 1901. He served as principal of the École des Beaux-Arts in Algiers from 1909 to 1933. Cauvy was a member of the Société du Salon des Artistes Français from 1906 onwards. He was awarded a silver medal in 1911, following which he exhibited out of competition. He was made a Chevalier of the Légion d'Honneur in 1926....
German, 19th – 20th century, male.
Active also active in France.
Born 6 March 1866, in Flensburg; died 5 January 1945, in Wiesbaden.
Painter, engraver, draughtsman, decorative designer, graphic designer. Portraits, landscapes, urban landscapes, still-lifes, flowers, decorative motifs. Designs for carpets, designs (furniture/posters/jewellery/book-binding).
Jugendstil.
Die Sieben (Group of Seven)...
(b Waelhem, Feb 23, 1779; d Ghent, Nov 22, 1843).
Belgian painter, designer and printmaker. The son of the painter and architect, Pierre-François De Noter the elder (1747–1830), and brother of Jean-Baptiste De Noter (1786–1855), a painter of architectural views, he had an early grounding in the arts. He was taught by Guillaume-Jacques Herreyns at the Mechelen Academie and attended Jan Frans Van Geel’s sculpture class until 1793, when the French invasion prevented further study. One of his earliest commissions, shared with his father and Herreyns, was the decoration (begun shortly after 1793) of the SS Pieter en Pauwelkerk in Mechelen. This project had a determining influence on his career. The French had transformed the church into a Temple of Reason, and it seems likely that the damage done by them to the suppressed religious institutions of the Low Countries awakened the interest of Pierre-François De Noter and his brother in the architectural heritage of the Flemish towns. Pierre-François worked as a designer for a printed fabric manufacturer and as a printer before devoting himself to painting. He settled in Ghent in ...
French, 18th – 19th century, male.
Born 1749, in Versailles; died 1825, in Paris.
Painter (including gouache), watercolourist, sculptor, draughtsman (wash), engraver, decorative artist. Mythological subjects, allegorical subjects, historical portraits, hunting scenes, interiors with figures, gardens. Stage costumes and sets, furniture, designs for fabrics, frontispieces.
Dugourc's father, who was in the service of the Duke of Orléans, had a considerable fortune. Dugourc was permitted to attend the lessons taken by the Duke of Chartres (the future Philippe-Égalité), and at the age 15 left for Rome, attached to the embassy of the Count of Cani. From his infancy, he had shown an aptitude for drawing, perspective and architecture. However, the death of his mother, followed shortly after by the loss of his father's fortune, changed his life. From being an amateur, Dugourc became a professional artist, and executed paintings, sculptures and engravings. In a work published in ...
German, 19th century, male.
Born 19 November 1865, in Hamburg; died 11 June 1902, in Badenweiler.
Painter, decorative artist, illustrator, engraver, designer, ceramicist, textile designer. Portraits, landscapes, flowers. Designs for stained glass, designs for tapestries, ex-libris plates, advertising posters, fabrics, ceramics, metal objects, ironware, lamps, furniture, typefaces, jewellery, wallpaper...
French term used to describe a range of European borrowings from Japanese art. It was coined in 1872 by the French critic, collector and printmaker Philippe Burty ‘to designate a new field of study—artistic, historic and ethnographic’, encompassing decorative objects with Japanese designs (similar to 18th-century Chinoiserie), paintings of scenes set in Japan, and Western paintings, prints and decorative arts influenced by Japanese aesthetics. Scholars in the 20th century have distinguished japonaiserie, the depiction of Japanese subjects or objects in a Western style, from Japonisme, the more profound influence of Japanese aesthetics on Western art.
There has been wide debate over who was the first artist in the West to discover Japanese art and over the date of this discovery. According to Bénédite, Félix Bracquemond first came under the influence of Japanese art after seeing the first volume of Katsushika Hokusai’s Hokusai manga (‘Hokusai’s ten thousand sketches’, 1814) at the printshop of ...
German, 20th century, male.
Active then naturalised in 1918 in Austria.
Born 27 July 1881, in Wunsiedel (Upper Franconia); died 1965, in Vienna.
Painter, engraver (wood), draughtsman, illustrator, lithographer, watercolourist, illustrator. Figures, animals. Designs for carpets, designs (wallpapers).
Jugendstil.
Ludwig Heinrich Jungnickel studied at the Kunstgewerbeschule in Munich in 1896, and then, after his family moved to Austria, at the Akademie der Bildenden Künste in Vienna in 1899, under the supervision of Christian Griepenkerl and August Eisenmenger. In Vienna, he worked for various design companies, producing designs for wallpaper and similar work, and starting his collaboration with the Wiener Werkstätte (Vienna Studio) in 1903. Around 1906, he completed his training at the Vienna Akademie der Bildenden Künste in graphic art, where he learned engraving with William Unger. He taught at the Kunstgewerbeschule in Frankfurt from 1911. He was a member of the Deutscher Werkbund. He formed a friendship with Egon Schiele and Kokoschka. He obtained Austrian nationality in 1918 and, between 1921 and 1930, travelled regularly to Italy, visiting Rome, Naples and Sicily. The Nazis banned him from practising his art and subjected him to persecution. He withdrew to Split in 1938. On returning to Austria in 1952, he was rehabilitated and received the title of professor, and his art was acclaimed....
French, 19th – 20th century, female.
Born 1834, in Paris; died 1923, in Versailles.
Painter, watercolourist, engraver, draughtswoman, illustrator. Portraits, landscapes. Designs for carpets.
Laure Lacombe studied under the history painter Auguste Bigand and under Auguste Raffet. In addition to her landscapes, often executed in watercolour, Lacombe also produced designs for carpets and illustrations for ...
German, 19th – 20th century, male.
Born 25 October 1865, in Bromberg (now Bydgoszcz, Poland); died 24 July 1908, in Schlachtensee (Berlin).
Painter (including gouache), watercolourist, draughtsman, engraver, illustrator, decorative designer, writer. Landscapes, landscapes with figures, waterscapes. Posters, designs for carpets, designs for tapestries, designs (wallpapers/book-binding)...
German, 19th – 20th century, male.
Born 10 December 1867, in Celle; died 21 May 1916, in Neubabelsberg/Potsdam.
Painter, draughtsman, illustrator, pastellist, engraver. Designs for tapestries, posters, designs (fabrics).
Alfred Mohrbutter studied at the Kunstgewerbeschule, Hamburg, and under Leopold von Kalckreuth at the Grossherzoglichen Kunstschule, Weimar ...
Austrian, 19th – 20th century, male.
Born 22 December 1867, in Troppau (now Opava in the Czech Republic); died 8 August 1908, in Düsseldorf.
Painter, architect, draughtsman, lithographer, decorative designer. Designs (objets d'art, furniture, decorative motifs, fabrics, jewellery, ceramic).
Vienna Secession, Wiener Werkstätte, Die Sieben (Group of Seven), Deutscher Werkbund...
Belgian, 19th – 20th century, male.
Active in France.
Born 9 October 1861, in Schaerbeek (Brussels); died 4 October 1936, in Schaerbeek.
Painter, draughtsman, lithographer, poster artist, ceramicist, designer. Figure compositions, figures, portraits, nudes, scenes with figures. Stage sets, designs for fabrics, advertising art.
Art Nouveau...
French, 19th – 20th century, male.
Born 27 May 1871, in Paris, France; died 13 February 1958, in Paris.
Painter (gouache), watercolourist, engraver, potter. Religious subjects, figures, landscapes. Stage sets, designs for stained glass, designs for tapestries.
Georges Rouault completed his primary education in 1885 and was apprenticed to stained-glass artists – first the Tamonis, then Hirsch. He received a direct offer from Albert Besnard for stained-glass windows for the School of Pharmacy to be made from his design sketches, but he refused out of loyalty to his employer. He was encouraged to consider painting as a career, having been introduced to the appreciation of art by his grandfather, Alexandre Champdavoine, who, modest white-collar worker though he was, knew and admired Honoré Daumier, Gustave Courbet, and Édouard Manet. Rouault achieved entry to the École Nationale Supérieure des Beaux-Arts in Paris in 1891, first in Elie Delaunay’s studio, then in Gustave Moreau’s (where he met Henri Matisse, Albert Marquet, Rudolf Lehmann, Henri Evenepoel, and others). Though he failed twice at the Prix de Rome, he won the Prix Chenavard in 1894 and, by 1900, he had obtained a mention and a bronze medal. In 1903, as Gustave Moreau’s executor, he became the curator of the Musée Gustave Moreau in Paris....
(b Lausanne, Nov 10, 1859; d Paris, Dec 13, 1923).
French illustrator, printmaker, painter and sculptor, of Swiss birth. After studying at the University at Lausanne and working as an apprentice designer in a textile factory in Mulhouse, Steinlen arrived in Paris in 1881 and quickly established himself in Montmartre, where he lived and worked for the rest of his life. In 1883 the illustrator Adolphe Willette introduced him to the avant-garde literary and artistic environment of the Chat Noir cabaret which had been founded in 1881 by another Swiss expatriot, Rodolphe Salis. Steinlen soon became an illustrator of its satirical and humorous journal, Chat noir, and an artistic collaborator with writers such as Emile Zola, poets such as Jean Richepin, composers such as Paul Delmet, artists such as Toulouse-Lautrec and, most important, the singer and songwriter Aristide Bruant, all of whom he encountered at the Chat Noir. Bruant’s lyrics incorporate the argot of the poor, the worker, the rogue, the pimp and the prostitute, for whom Steinlen’s empathy had been awakened on reading Zola’s novel ...
German, 19th – 20th century, male.
Born 11 September 1866, in Düsseldorf; died 27 July 1939, in Munich.
Painter, draughtsman, engraver, watercolourist, illustrator. Genre scenes. Designs for carpets, caricatures, designs (fabrics/wallpapers/medals).
Symbolism, Jugendstil.
Carl Strathmann studied at the Kunstakademie of Düsseldorf from 1882 to 1886 then at the Weimar school under the direction of Leopold von Kalckreuth from 1886 to 1889. He followed his teacher to Munich and there met Lovis Corinth and his circle. He became part of the Secession and joined the Deutscher Werkbund towards 1912. Admired as a painter, this artist should be seen in the Symbolist and Jugendstil context. He handled decorative shapes with admirable rhythm, was more than a technical illusionist, and sometimes encrusted his paintings with bright splashes of coloured glass or stone. His favourite themes were women and a certain sexual freedom, or anything of the strange or decadent. His most famous painting is ...
