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(b Bordeaux, Nov 4, 1761; d Paris, Dec 10, 1822).

French medallist, engraver and illustrator. He was first apprenticed to the medallist André Lavau (d 1808) and then attended the Académie de Peinture et de Sculpture in Bordeaux. In 1786 he travelled to Paris and entered the workshop of Nicolas-Marie Gatteaux. His first great success was a large, realistic and highly detailed medal representing the Fall of the Bastille (1789); because it would have been difficult and risky to strike, he produced it in the form of single-sided lead impressions or clichés, coloured to resemble bronze. The following year he used this novel technique again, to produce an equally successful companion piece illustrating the Arrival of Louis XVI in Paris. Andrieu lay low during the latter part of the French Revolution, engraving vignettes and illustrating an edition of Virgil by Firmin Didot (1764–1836). He reappeared in 1800, with medals of the Passage of the Great St Bernard...

French, 18th – 19th century, male.

Born c. 1763, in Bordeaux; died 1822, in Paris.

Sculptor, engraver.

Jean-Bertrand Andrieu entered the École de l'Académie Royale on 21 August 1788 under the patronage of Julien, and was still attending there in 1791. He is mentioned by M. Herluison on the occasion of his son's baptism, ...

French, 18th – 19th century, male.

Born 14 April 1762, in Crotenay (Jura); died 23 February 1842, in Salins (Jura).

Painter, sculptor (wood), engraver.

Auvernois is believed to have been self-trained. However, he was one of Joseph Perraud's teachers, according to Max Claudet's The Early Years of Jean-Joseph Perraud...

Italian, 18th – 19th century, male.

Born 1744, in Pistoia (Tuscany); died 22 October 1816, in Bologna.

Painter, engraver, sculptor, decorative designer.

Baldi studied drawing and painting initially under Francesco Beneforti in Pistoia, then travelled to Bologna, where he entered the workshop of the painter Mauro Tezi, with whom he subsequently collaborated as an assistant. He enjoyed the patronage of Count Massimiliano Gini. He excelled expecially at painting flowers. According to Zani, Valentino Baldi was also an engraver and sculptor....

Italian, 18th – 19th century, male.

Born 1762, in Faenza; died 1835.

Sculptor, modeller.

Ballanti started out as an engraver but then turned exclusively to sculpture. He travelled in 1826 to Venice, Padua, Ferrara and Rome in order to familiarise himself with the work of leading artists of the age. On his return to Faenza he started to teach, and went on to influence a large number of pupils. He made scale models for churches in Emilia Romagna and produced a substantial number of plaster statues, together with a sarcophagus of St Emilion for Faenza Cathedral, and a relief for the town gate of Imola, entitled ...

Belgian, 18th – 19th century, male.

Born 8 September 1768, in Namur; died 10 June 1826.

Architect, sculptor, engraver, metal worker.

Barbier studied first in Belgium before completing his studies in Antwerp at the studio of J. Verbekt. He was appointed sculptor of the king's buildings and lived for a time at the Louvre. His works include medallions of ...

(b Le Havre, June 21, 1750; d Paris, April 15, 1818).

French sculptor, draughtsman and engraver. He arrived in Paris in 1765 to become a pupil of Augustin Pajou. Although he never won the Prix de Rome, he appears to have travelled to Rome in the early 1770s. About 1780 or 1781 he was involved in the decoration of Claude-Nicolas Ledoux’s Hôtel Thélusson, Paris. From 1784 to 1785 he carried out work at the château of Compiègne, including the decoration of the Salle des Gardes, where his bas-reliefs illustrating the Battles of Alexander (in situ) pleasantly combine a Neo-classical clarity of composition with a virtuosity and animation that are still Rococo in spirit.

Beauvallet was approved (agréé) by the Académie Royale in 1789. During the French Revolution he was a passionate republican and presented plaster busts of Marat and of Chalier (1793–4; both destr.) to the Convention. He was briefly imprisoned after the fall of Robespierre in ...

French, 18th – 19th century, male.

Born towards the end of the 18th century, in Nancy.

Sculptor, engraver.

M. A. Jacquot refers to Victor de Bouillé in his Sketch for a Directory of Artists from Lorrraine ( Essai de Répertoire des Artistes Lorrains).

(b Geisslingen, Feb 7, 1742; d Durlach, 1811).

German medallist and engraver. In 1768 he began his career in Augsburg, where he exhibited medals of the municipal curators Langenmantel and Amman and of Paul von Stetten. He later went to Karlsruhe, where he became court medallist and die-engraver; he also worked in Durlach. Stylistically, his medals, often initialled j.m.b., closely resemble those of Franz Andreas Schega and Johann Karl Hedlinger. Portrait medals of Charles V, Duke of Württemberg and Charles Frederick, Margrave of Baden were Bückle’s best works. He also executed the commemorative medal of Count Demetrius Galitzin (1793) and a silver medal (1773; Domanig, no. 771) depicting a hunting scene, awarded as a prize by the School of Forestry and Hunting Science. His pupil J. H. Boltschhauser became a medal engraver to the Mannheim court.

(b Guatemala City, Sept 16, 1781; d Guatemala City, Nov 21, 1845).

Guatemalan painter, printmaker, and medallist. He entered the mint in 1795 as an apprentice engraver but on the recommendation of its director, Pedro Garci-Aguirre, also became Master Corrector at the Escuela de Dibujo de la Sociedad Económica de Amigos del País, Guatemala City, in 1796, holding the post until 1804. He continued working at the mint until 1809 and demonstrated outstanding skill both as a medallist and engraver of coins and as an engraver and etcher. He returned to the mint in 1823 as second engraver, remaining in the post until his death.

Despite the quality of his work as a printmaker and medallist, Cabrera gained artistic recognition especially as a miniature painter, working mostly in watercolour on ivory in a meticulous technique. He produced some miniatures on religious themes and others of birds, but the majority, measuring no more than 50 mm in height or width, were portraits of members of the Guatemalan aristocracy and bourgeoisie. It is not known exactly how many he produced, but from the middle of the 1830s he began to number them, starting from 500; the highest known number of the approximately 200 authenticated miniatures is 745. Although he suffered some illness, he was most productive during the last five years of his life. An evolution can be discerned from his earliest works, dating from ...

(b Azay-le-Ferron, Indre, June 3, 1756; d Versailles, Nov 1, 1827).

French draughtsman, engraver, sculptor and archaeologist. He received instruction in drawing from Joseph-Marie Vien, Jean-Jacques Lagrenée and Jean-Baptiste Le Prince. In 1778 he departed for Italy, where he developed his landscape draughtsmanship and his passion for antiquity. He travelled incessantly, recording everything he saw and venturing out from Rome to Venice, Naples and Sicily. An example of the numerous drawings he produced is the Ruins of the Baths of Titus Seen from the Colosseum (Paris, Ecole N. Sup. B.-A.). In 1782 a group of amateurs, under the patronage of Emperor Joseph II, commissioned from him a series of views of the Istrian and Dalmatian coast; these were eventually published in J. Lavallée’s Voyage pittoresque et historique de l’Istrie et de la Dalmatie. After a brief spell in France, Cassas followed Marie-Gabriel, Comte de Choiseul-Gouffier, to his new ambassadorial post in Constantinople in 1784. He subsequently visited Syria, Egypt, Palestine, Cyprus and Asia Minor, recording his impressions of Alexandria, Cairo, Smyrna, the Temple of Diana (Artemis) at Ephesos and the Palmyra and Baalbek ruins. Many of the 250 drawings dating from this trip were of hitherto unrecorded sights. With Choiseul’s assistance Cassas published these works in the ...

Italian, 18th – 19th century, male.

Born 1766, in Siena; died 1839, in Rome.

Sculptor, engraver.

Brother of Barbato and Calgato Cipriani. He was an architect, working under Silini in Siena and Palazzi in Rome. He is best known for his engravings in the collection Monuments of Antiquity...

French, 18th – 19th century, male.

Born 1749, in Versailles; died 1825, in Paris.

Painter (including gouache), watercolourist, sculptor, draughtsman (wash), engraver, decorative artist. Mythological subjects, allegorical subjects, historical portraits, hunting scenes, interiors with figures, gardens. Stage costumes and sets, furniture, designs for fabrics, frontispieces.

Dugourc's father, who was in the service of the Duke of Orléans, had a considerable fortune. Dugourc was permitted to attend the lessons taken by the Duke of Chartres (the future Philippe-Égalité), and at the age 15 left for Rome, attached to the embassy of the Count of Cani. From his infancy, he had shown an aptitude for drawing, perspective and architecture. However, the death of his mother, followed shortly after by the loss of his father's fortune, changed his life. From being an amateur, Dugourc became a professional artist, and executed paintings, sculptures and engravings. In a work published in ...

(b London, 1767; d Hobart, Tasmania, July 11, 1851).

English painter, printmaker and sculptor, active in Australia. In London he exhibited six portraits at the Royal Academy (1817–23) and three genre paintings at the British Institution and engraved two colour plates for George Morland, before moving to Hobart, Tasmania, in 1832. At the Hobart Mechanics’ Institute in 1833 he delivered the first lecture in Australia on the subject of painting. In 1849 he contributed the paper ‘The School of Athens as it Assimilates with the Mechanics Institution’ to a series of seven lectures (later published) delivered at the Institute. Duterrau painted landscapes and portraits but is best known for his works depicting the Aborigines of Tasmania and their traditional way of life. He was very interested in the events that led to the exclusion of the Aborigines from Tasmania, and in a series of works begun in 1834 but not executed until the early 1840s he showed George Augustus Robinson under commission from the Governor of Tasmania to restore peace with them. ...

[Engelheart.]

English family of artists, of German origin. Francis Engelheart (b Silesia, 1713; d Kew, 1773) was a plaster modeller. He came to England c. 1721 and later worked as a decorative plasterer at Kew Palace for Frederick, Prince of Wales (1707–51), and his widow Augusta, the Princess Dowager (1719–72). He seems also to have produced decorative ceilings for Hampton Court Palace. After his death, his family changed the spelling of their name to Engleheart.

Two of Francis’s sons, John Dillman Engleheart (1735–1810) and Paul Engleheart (d 1774), carried on the business, while two others found success in other fields. Thomas Engleheart (b ?London, 1745; d ?London, 1786) was a sculptor and wax modeller, and George Engleheart (b Kew, ?Nov 1753; d Blackheath [now in London], 21 March 1829) was a painter. Thomas studied from 1769 at the Royal Academy schools, London, where he won a gold medal in ...

Spanish, 18th – 19th century, male.

Born 1 July 1772, in Valencia; died 1 October 1847, in Madrid.

Engraver.

Rafael Esteve y Villela was the son and pupil of the sculptor José Esteve y Villela. Like his father, he also worked at the Academia de San Carlos in Valencia; he later went to Madrid where he was resident at the Real Academia de San Fernando. At that time he worked almost exclusively as a line engraver. He lived in Paris ...

French, 18th – 19th century, male.

Active at the end of the 18th century or the beginning of the 19th century.

Born in Rodez.

Sculptor, painter, lithographer. Sculpted frames.

Falgas, who spent his life in Rodez, was first a barber and then a museum attendant. He was one of the first exponents of lithography, and his sculpted frames are remarkable....

German, 18th – 19th century, female.

Active in Hamburg.

Born 1753, in Rendsburg; died 28 February 1836, in Hamburg.

Sculptor (ivory).

Forsmann married the engraver G. A. Forsmann. She sculpted portraits in relief on ivory, bowls and bunches of flowers. Some of her works are held by the Museum für Kunst und Gewerbe in Hamburg....

French, 18th – 19th century, male.

Born 1763, in Paris; died 4 July 1832, in Paris.

Painter, sculptor, lithographer.

Augustin Félix Fortin was the nephew and pupil of the sculptor Lecomte. He won second prize for sculpture in the Prix de Rome in 1782, and first prize the following year with ...

Italian, 18th – 19th century, male.

Born 1768, in Rome; died 20 April 1831.

Painter, watercolourist, engraver (including etching), sculptor. Landscapes.

Filippo Giuntotardi was initially a sculptor. While training at the Accademia di S Luca, he devoted himself to painting landscapes, and from 1810 he also did engraving and etching. His works notably include ...