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Acquaviva, Giovanni  

Italian, 20th century, male.

Born 1900, in Marciana Marina (Livorno); died 1971, in Milan.

Painter, ceramicist, illustrator, scenographer, writer. Stage costumes.

Futurism.

Giovanni Acquaviva studied philosophy and law at the University of Pisa, while devoting himself to illustration at the same time. He founded the Futurist group ...

Article

Albisola, Tullio d'  

Italian, 20th century, male.

Born 2 December 1899, in Albisola; died May 1971, in Albisola.

Ceramicist, draughtsman, painter, sculptor, screen printer, photographer. Artists' books.

Futurism.

Tullio d'Albisola studied with his father Giuseppe, a master potter, then with Gaetano Ballardini at the international university pottery class in Faenza, which he entered in ...

Article

Alfieri, Attilio  

Italian, 20th century, male.

Born 1904, in Loreto; died 1992, in Milan.

Painter. Still-lifes.

Attilio Alfieri began to paint under the dual influence of Cubism and Futurism. Around 1930 he experimented also with the collage technique. Afterwards he went through a period of Classical Representation, and then evolved in the direction of an informal, material Abstraction. Thick and generous materials are fairly constant throughout his many different periods. This is particularly true of his Representational art and can be observed in the skilful brushwork of his series of vegetable still-lifes....

Article

Alimandi, Enrico  

Italian, 20th century, male.

Born in Turin.

Painter.

Enrico Alimandi trained only in painting. He stayed in Paris in 1928 and was a member of the Futurist movement from 1929 to 1932. He then became interested in Surrealism. He had solo exhibitions of his paintings in Turin (...

Article

Almada-Negreiros, José Sobral de  

Portuguese, 20th century, male.

Born 1893, in Fazenda-Saudade (Sao-Tomé); died 1970, in Lisbon.

Painter, draughtsman, newspaper cartoonist. Wall decorations, designs for stained glass.

Futurism.

José Sobral de Almada-Negreiros was an active witness of the Portugal of his time. He used a wide variety of methods in his unending attempt to open Portugal to Europe and the modern world. Although he was a writer, poet, polemicist and playwright, he had no formal training in art. In ...

Article

Ambrosi, Alfredo Gauro  

Italian, 20th century, male.

Born 1901, in Rome; died 1945, in Verona.

Painter. Portraits.

Futurism.

Alfredo Ambrosi practised aeropainting, which attempts to represent movement, a Futurist technique. He celebrated the 1930s Italian Regime with portraits of Mussolini and scenes of aerial combats, praising Fascist belligerence....

Article

Angelucci-Cominazzini, Leandra  

Italian, 20th century, female.

Born 1890; died 1981, in Foligno.

Painter, watercolourist, ceramicist.

In the 1930s Leandra Angelucci-Cominazzini was closely associated with Marinetti and his wife Benedetta's Futurist group. In 1939 she wrote the Umbrian Futurist Aeropainting manifesto. In the 1940s her works became metaphysical, combining representations of fantasy and geometric elements. She had shows in the Venice Biennale in ...

Article

Azari, Fedele  

Italian, 20th century, male.

Born 1895, in Pallanza; died 1930, in Milan.

Painter.

Futurism.

Azari was a lawyer and a member of the Futurist group with Boccioni and Marinetti. He produced theoretical writings, notably Futurist Aerial Theatre and, in collaboration with Marinetti, the First Italian Aerial Dictionary...

Article

Bailly, Alice  

Swiss, 20th century, female.

Born 1871 or 1872, in Geneva; died 1938, in Lausanne.

Painter (including gouache/mixed media), engraver. Figures, nudes, still-lifes, landscapes. Designs for tapestries.

Futurism.

Das Neue Leben group.

After studying at the École des Beaux-Arts in Geneva Bailly worked in Munich and Naples. In 1906, she settled in Paris for a while, returning to Switzerland in 1914. Work by her was exhibited at the Salon d'Automne (1909, 1926), the Salon des Tuileries (1928) and at the Salon des Indépendants (1929). In 1934 her work was also shown at the exhibition ...

Article

Baldessari, Roberto Marcello Iras  

Italian, 20th century, male.

Born 1894, in Innsbruck; died 1965, in Rome.

Painter, pastellist, draughtsman, engraver, collage artist. Frescoes.

Futurism.

Roberto Marcello Iras Baldessari settled in Venice in 1908 and studied at the Accademia, graduating in 1915. He knew the Ca' Pesaro artists, then joined the Florence Futurist group between ...

Article

Balla, Giacomo  

Italian, 19th – 20th century, male.

Born 24 July 1871, in Turin; died 5 March 1958, in Rome.

Painter, sculptor.

Futurism, Pittura Metafisica (Metaphysical Painting).

As is so often the case, Giacomo Balla's early work was comparatively unadventurous and conformist. He started out as a painter in Rome in 1895, adopting an essentially academic style that was wholly acceptable to critics and institutions of the day. In 1900, however, he spent seven months in Paris, where he was drawn to the 'divisionist' approach espoused by the Impressionists and, in particular, to the Pointillist style that Georges Seurat adopted and labelled 'scientific impressionism'. It is worth making the point that this 'divisionist' approach was in actual fact one of the more anachronistic features of Futurism, a movement that purported to be innovative in every respect, even to the point where it levelled accusations against the Cubist movement (from which it derived substantially more than the Futurists were ever prepared to admit), on the grounds that Cubism was essentially 'academic painting in disguise'. In the event, from 1901-1902 onwards, Balla went on to teach Umberto Boccioni, arguably the most coherent theoretician and practitioner of Italian Futurism, and Gino Severini, both of whom were influenced by his use of the divisionist technique....

Article

Barilli, Aristide  

Italian, 20th century, male.

Born 1913, in Parma (Emilia-Romagna); died 13 October 2009.

Painter. Scenes with figures, figures.

Futurism.

Reggiani Group.

Barilli belonged to the late neo-Futurist Reggiani group of painters.

Rome, 23 Nov 1981: Organic Battle (1933, oil on card, 13½ × 19¾ ins/34 × 50 cm) ...

Article

Baugniet, Marcel Louis  

Belgian, 20th century, male.

Born 1896, in Liège; died 1995.

Painter, collage artist, watercolourist, illustrator, decorative designer, designer.

Futurism, Constructivism.

Groupe 7 Arts.

Baugniet attended the art academy in Brussels where he studied under the Belgian Symbolist painter Jean Delville. He married the dancer and painter Akarova (Marguerite Acarin). His early paintings were figurative, and he was then influenced by French Cubism and international Constructivism. In 1922, Baugniet became a member of the Belgian group ...

Article

Bay, Juán  

Argentinian, 20th century, male.

Active also active in Italy.

Born 1892, in Tenque-Lauquen; died 1978.

Painter.

Futurism, Neo-Constructivism.

Grupo Madí.

In 1908, Bay emigrated from the outskirts of Buenos Aires to Milan. He studied drawing and painting until 1914. From 1911 in Milan and throughout Italy until ...

Article

Belli, Domenico  

Italian, 20th century, male.

Born 1909, in Rome; died 1983, in Lavino, near Rome.

Painter.

Futurism.

Domenico Belli came into contact with the Futurist group while working in Giacomo Balla's atelier in 1929. Belli was a painter, publicist and occasional scenographer, working for the Arts Theatre between ...

Article

Benedetta  

Italian, 20th century, female.

Born 1897, in Rome; died 1977, in Venice.

Painter. Murals.

Futurism.

Benedetta trained in the studio of Balla, in Rome; there, she met Filippo Marinetti, who became her husband in 1923. She lived in Milan and Rome and participated in the second Futurist movement. During the 1920s she travelled to Brazil and Argentina with Marinetti. At the end of ...

Article

Benedetto, Enzo  

Italian, 20th century, male.

Born 10 November 1905, in Reggio (Calabria).

Painter, draughtsman. Landscapes.

Futurism.

Enzo Benedetto joined forces with Marinetti in 1923 and became involved in the Futurist movement, organising exhibitions, publishing texts and manifestos, and taking part in exhibitions, including the 1928 Grande Mostra...

Article

Beöthy-Steiner, Anna  

Hungarian, 20th century, female.

Active in France from 1927.

Born 1902, in Nagyvazad; died 1985, in Montrouge, France.

Painter.

After training at Zassyk's private school in Budapest, Anna Steiner discovered Futurism in 1922 through Marinetti. Having settled in Paris in 1927 where she married the sculptor Etienne Beöthy, she abandoned her own creative work in ...

Article

Bertelli, Renato Guiseppe  

Italian, 20th century, male.

Born 1900, in Florence; died 1974, in Florence.

Sculptor. Historical subjects, historical figures.

Futurism.

Bertelli's Running Profile of Mussolini was displayed in 1997 at an exhibition in the Musée d'Art Moderne in Paris entitled Europe in the 1930s: The Gathering Storm...

Article

Boccioni, Umberto  

Italian, 20th century, male.

Born 19 October 1882, in Reggio (Calabria); died 17 August 1916, in Sorte, near Verona.

Painter, sculptor.

Futurism.

After studying at the technical institute in Catania, Umberto Boccioni’s family moved from one Italian city to another until Umberto decided, against his father’s wishes, to settle in Rome in 1898 and study at the Accademia Del Superfluo [Fine Arts Academy]. He met Gino Severini in 1900 and Giacomo Balla in 1902; the latter was on his way home from Paris, where he had been acquainted with the Pointillist painter Georges Seurat. As a result, Boccioni received his first introduction to Divisionism; it was to prove a decisive factor in his subsequent work, even after he had developed his own personal style.

In those early years, Boccioni’s Neo-Impressionist approach was close to the Modern Style that is evident in his Portrait of the Artist’s Mother. At the time, he frequently opted for subject matter drawn from literature or from working-class life, although some of his early work – such as ...