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Article

Alexander, John White  

American, 19th – 20th century, male.

Active in Europe 1877-1881, and in Paris 1891-1901.

Born 7 October 1856, in Allegheny, Pennsylvania; died 31 May 1915, in New York.

Painter, muralist, illustrator. Portraits, figures, landscapes.

Symbolism, Art Nouveau.

John White Alexander worked as an office boy for ...

Article

Amberg, Adolf  

German, 19th – 20th century, male.

Born 1874, in Hanau; died 1913, in Berlin.

Sculptor, worker in precious metals. Figures. Designs (ceramics/metal objects).

Jugendstil.

Adolf Amberg trained at the academy of fine arts in Berlin. He went to Paris and worked at the Académie Julian, exhibiting at the Salon of ...

Article

Auriol, Georges  

French, 19th – 20th century, male.

Born 1863, in Beauvais; died c. 1938.

Painter, watercolourist, draughtsman, illustrator.

Art Nouveau.

Together with Steinlen and Willette, among others, Georges Auriol belonged to the group of artists who frequented the cabaret Le Chat Noir. He also wrote songs and humorous whimsical pieces. In ...

Article

Bakst, Léon  

Russian, 19th – 20th century, male.

Active in France.

Born 10 May 1866, in St Petersburg; died 28 December 1924, in Paris.

Painter (including gouache), watercolourist, draughtsman, illustrator. Portraits, nudes, genre scenes, landscapes, seascapes. Stage sets, stage costumes, posters.

Symbolism, Art Nouveau.

Mir Iskusstva (World of Art) group...

Article

Basch, Arpad  

Hungarian, 19th – 20th century, male.

Born 16 April 1873, in Budapest.

Painter, draughtsman, illustrator, poster artist.

Art Nouveau.

Arpad Basch studied with Karlovsky in 1873 at the school of arts and crafts in Budapest, then in Munich with Hollósy, and in Paris with Léon Bonnat and Jean Paul Laurens....

Article

Bauer, Hermann  

German, 19th – 20th century, male.

Born 1863, in Abstatt bei Heilbronn; died 1919, in Schwäbischgmünd.

Engraver. Jewellery.

Jugendstil.

Hermann Bauer learned engraving with Peter Bruckmann in Heilbronn. He started his own jewellery company, Bauer & Jäger, in 1862.

Hase, Ulrike von: Schmuck in Deutschland und Österrreich. Symbolismus, Jugendstil, Neohistorismus...

Article

Beardsley, Aubrey Vincent  

British, 19th century, male.

Born 21 August 1872, in Brighton; died 16 March 1898, in Menton, France.

Draughtsman, illustrator.

Japonisme, Art Nouveau.

Aubrey Beardsley's originality and superior draughtsmanship place him at the forefront of developments in illustration techniques and styles, despite only a brief art education at the Westminster Art School in London. There he studied the nude, having been encouraged to take up art as a career by Edward Burne-Jones. Tuberculosis and his association with Oscar Wilde led to repeated visits to France. He died in Menton in 1898 at the age of 25....

Article

Behrens, Peter  

German, 19th – 20th century, male.

Born 14 April 1868, in Hamburg; died 27 February 1940, in Berlin.

Painter, draughtsman, engraver, architect, designer, decorative artist, graphic designer. Posters, furniture, wallpaper, carpets, glassware, ceramics, table services, jewellery, silverwork, objets d'art, typefaces.

Jugendstil, functional school.

Die Sieben (Group of Seven), Deutscher Werkbund...

Article

Berlepsch-Valendas, Hans Eduard von  

Swiss, 19th – 20th century, male.

Active in Germany.

Born 31 December 1849, in St Gall; died 1921, in Planegg.

Architect, painter, decorative designer, theorist. Designs (furniture/fabrics/metal objects/ceramics).

Jugendstil.

From 1868 to 1871 Hans Eduard von Berlepsch-Valendas was a student of architecture with Gottfried Sempers in Zurich. After graduating he abandoned architecture while he was living in Frankfurt, to go and train as a painter in Munich (...

Article

Bichweiler, Hermann Robert  

German, 19th – 20th century, male.

Potter, sculptor, architect. Jewellery.

Jugendstil.

Hermann Robert Bichweiler was active between 1872 and 1893 in Hamburg, where he had his own studio. His ornaments are characteristic of a specific style peculiar to Hamburg.

Hamburg (Mus. für Kunst und Gewerbe)

Article

Bieler, Ernest  

Swiss, 19th – 20th century, male.

Born 31 July 1863, in Rolle (Vaud); died 1948, in Lausanne.

Painter, engraver, decorative artist. Figure compositions, figures, portraits. Murals, designs for stained glass, furniture.

Art Nouveau.

Ernest Bieler was the uncle of André Charles Bieler. He studied at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris under Jules Lefebvre and Gustave Boulanger. He divided his time between the mountainous regions of the Valais and the shores of Lake Geneva; his body of work evokes the everyday life of the peasant communities in the Valais and the Canton of Vaud at the beginning of the twentieth century. Bieler was commissioned to paint compositions for the ceiling of the Victoria hall in Geneva; decorative panels and windows for the federal government building in Bern; stained glass windows for the Vevey church of St-Martin; and decorations for the vintners' festival. Additionally, he exhibited woodcut engravings and designed furniture....

Article

Bigot, Georges Ferdinand  

French, 19th – 20th century, male.

Active also active in Japan.

Born 1860, in Paris; died 1927.

Painter, engraver (etching), illustrator, poster artist.

Japonisme, Art Nouveau.

At a very young age, Georges Ferdinand Bigot trained under Jean-Léon Gérôme (1824-1904) and Carolus-Durand (1837-1917) at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris. He learnt etching with Félix Buhot and collaborated on the journal ...

Article

Bistolfi, Leonardo  

Italian, 19th – 20th century, male.

Active in Casale Monferrato.

Born 14 March 1859, in Casale Monferrato (Piedmont); died 2 September 1933, in Turin.

Sculptor, engraver. Figures. Groups, monuments.

Symbolism, Art Nouveau.

Piedmont-born artist who is perhaps more properly regarded as being from the Lombard School, insofar as he trained at the Accademia di Belle Arti di Brera in Milan. Bistolfi's sculpture has a distinct pictorial edge. His earliest work comprised various groups (for example ...

Article

Böhm, Adolf  

Austrian, 19th – 20th century, male.

Born 25 February 1861, in Vienna; died 20 February 1927, in Klosterneuburg.

Painter, draughtsman, illustrator.

Art Nouveau.

Adolf Böhm was a co-founder, together with Gustav Klimt and the architect Joseph Hoffmann, of the Viennese Sezession movement in the closing years of the 19th century. Vienna was the city where 'Jugendstil' (literally, 'Youthful Style'), a movement that rejected academic conformity, first flowered; it would later spread to Germany, France, Belgium, England and elsewhere. He taught in the women's department of the academy of fine arts ...

Article

Bosselt, Rudolf  

German, 19th – 20th century, male.

Born 1871, in Perleberg (Brandenburg).

Sculptor, medallist. Busts.

Art Nouveau.

Die Sieben (Group of Seven). Darmstadt Artists' Colony.

Rudolf Bosselt studied in Frankfurt am Main and went on to work in Paris, Darmstadt and, from 1903, Düsseldorf. Rudolf Bosselt received an honourable mention at the ...

Article

Bouval, Maurice  

French, 19th – 20th century, male.

Born 9 March 1863, in Toulouse; died 20 March 1916.

Sculptor (bronze), decorative designer. Figures, nudes. Statues, equestrian statues, monuments, busts, low reliefs, designs (precious metals/ceramics), decorative schemes, objets d'art.

Art Nouveau.

Maurice Bouval's family was originally from La Coucourde near Montélimar. He studied under Falguière at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris, where he was awarded numerous medals. He became a member of the Société des Artistes Français and received a bronze medal in ...

Article

Brangwyn, Frank (Sir)  

British, 19th – 20th century, male.

Born 13 May 1867, in Bruges, Belgium, to English parents; died 11 June 1956, in Ditchling.

Painter (including gouache), watercolourist, engraver, lithographer, illustrator. Religious subjects, figure compositions, figures, local scenes (carnival), rustic scenes, urban landscapes, architectural views, urban views, harbour scenes, seascapes...

Article

Brauchitsch, Margarethe von  

German, 19th – 20th century, female.

Born 1865, in Frankenthal-Rügen; died 1957.

Draughtswoman. Designs (glassware/wallpaper/fabrics/ceramics).

Jugendstil.

Margarethe von Brauchitsch studied painting in Leipzig with the painter Max Klinger. She then ran a school of painting in Halle and completed her training with Koloman Moser in Vienna. She settled in Munich in ...

Article

Bugatti, Carlo  

Italian, 19th – 20th century, male.

Active in France from 1900.

Born 12 February 1856, in Milan; died 1940, in Molsheim (Bas-Rhin), France.

Painter, sculptor, designer of ornamental architectural features, decorative artist. Portraits. Furniture.

Orientalism, Art Nouveau.

Carlo Bugatti studied at the Accademia di Belle Arti di Brera in Milan, then at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris. He was originally interested in architecture, producing work that was heavily influenced by the strong styles of ancient Egypt and Islam. He later decided to devote himself to designing furniture and ornamentation. His talent was soon recognised and he was awarded many distinctions at exhibitions in London, Turin and at the 1900 Exposition Universelle in Paris. He sold his company in Milan and settled in Paris, then in 1910 in Compiègne. At the end of his life, beset by tragedies, including the suicide of his son Rembrandt in 1916, he went to live with his other son, Ettore, who had the car factory at Molsheim. Giovanni, Ettore's son and heir, was killed when testing a car in 1939....

Article

Burger-Hartmann, Sophie  

German, 19th – 20th century, female.

Born 23 May 1868, in Munich; died 1940.

Sculptor (bronze), painter. Statuettes, medals, designs (porcelain).

Jugendstil.

Sophie Burger-Hartmann started studying painting in Munich and Paris, but mostly learned her craft by herself. She was married to the Swiss portrait painter Fritz Burger. They lived in Basel at first, then in Berlin from ...